The invention belongs to the field of dampers and discloses an inertia mass tuning electromagnetic damper. The inertia mass tuning electromagnetic damper comprises a shell, a linear guide rail, a ballscrew mechanism, a fixing base, an accelerator, a direct-current generator, a mass block and tuning compression springs, wherein the linear guide rail, the ball screw mechanism, the fixing base, theaccelerator, the direct-current generator, the mass block and the tuning compression spring are arranged in the shell; a right end cover is movably provided with an external connection frame, the leftend of the external connection frame penetrates through the right end cover and then extends into the shell, and the left end of the external connection frame is fixedly connected to a ball nut; theleft end of a lead screw is connected with an input shaft of the accelerator through a first coupler, and an output shaft of the accelerator is connected with the direct-current generator through a second coupler; and the two tuning compression springs are both installed on the lead screw in a penetrating mode. The inertia mass tuning electromagnetic damper can convert energy generated by an external vibrating mechanism due to vibration into movement kinetic energy of the mass block as well as electric energy of the direct-current generator to be greatly consumed, thereby achieving the vibration reduction/shock absorption effect.