The invention provides a special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for sugarcane. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of bagasse, 10-12 parts of vinasse, 10-15 parts of straw, 13-20 parts of pig manure, 13-20 parts of cow dung, 7-11 parts of edible fungi residue, 6-15 parts of rice chaff, 2-10 parts of household garbage, 1-7 parts of plant ashes, 10-12 parts of vermiculite, 5-7 parts of calcium superphosphate, 2-5 parts of potassium sulfate, 5-7 parts of urea, 0.05-0.25 part of zinc sulfate, 0.08-0.2 part of borax, 0.3-0.5 part of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 0.1-0.3 part of potassium bacteria, 0.3-0.5 part of azotobacter, 0.5-0.8 part of photosynthetic bacteria and 5-10 parts of an insecticide. The invention further provides a preparation method of the special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for sugarcane. The special organic-inorganic compound fertilizer for sugarcane is scientific in ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, rich in microelements such as zinc and boron, low in chemical fertilizer content, and lasting in fertilizer effect, and has a certain pest control effect.