The invention discloses a shiitake mushroom culture method which includes the steps of preparation of culture media, fermenting while sterilizing, strain treatment, packaging and inoculating, primaryculturing, expanded culturing, fruiting promoting, fruiting management and picking. The culture media prepared according to formulas are comprehensive in nutrition. The culture media are turned over frequently so that the culture media are fermented and sterilized fully. By twice of seed dressing, activated treatment of strains of shiitake mushroom is realized, growth of shiitake mushroom is improved, fruiting time is shortened, and yield is increased. By the steps of primary culture and further culture, the germination rate of shiitake mushroom strain can be increased, fruiting evenness is improved, and germination cycle of the strains is shortened. Strain bags are pierced so that an appropriate amount of oxygen gas is injected to the strain bags to promote growth of mycelia, fruiting ofshiitake mushroom is promoted and uniform relatively. High yield is achieved since temperature and humidity are controlled during fruiting management. The shiitake mushroom culture method realizes culture of high-quality shiitake mushroom, shortens growth cycle of shiitake mushroom and increases the yield of shiitake mushroom by 25%.