The invention provides a three-dimensional space positioning system based on infrared image recognition. The three-dimensional space positioning system based on the infrared image recognition is used for recognizing the three-dimensional space position of a target object and comprises a first infrared camera, a second infrared camera, a third infrared camera, an infrared laser device, a projection screen and a computer, wherein the image plane of the third infrared camera faces towards the direction of the projection screen, the image plane of the first infrared camera and the image plane of the second infrared camera face towards the direction of the target object, the optical axis of the first infrared camera and the optical axis of the second infrared camera are strictly perpendicular to the projection screen, the infrared laser device is arranged at the position of the target object and points to the position of the projection screen, and the computer is connected with the first infrared camera, the second infrared camera and the third infrared camera. The three-dimensional space positioning system based on the infrared image recognition has the advantages that the target object is identified according to the infrared laser device, positioning is carried out through the receiving of the infrared cameras, and thus the three-dimensional space positioning system based on the three-infrared-camera positioning technology is provided. Through the visualization operation carried out on complex data through the computer and a real-time interaction environment, vivid three-dimensional visual perception is achieved, and the real-time capture of motion is achieved.