The invention relates to an electric control brake closing and breaking device which comprises a casing, a motor, a variable-speed transmission mechanism and a main shaft, wherein the variable-speed transmission mechanism comprises a plurality of gear shafts which are connected sequentially, the motor is connected with the gear shafts through gears, the gear shafts are connected with an electromagnetic clutch, the electromagnetic clutch is connected with the main shaft, and the electromagnetic clutch can switch the rotation direction of the main shaft; the casing is provided with a circuit board, and the circuit board is connected with the casing through an antivibration pad and a vibration reduction bracket; and the motor is connected with a safety switch. According to the invention, theplurality of gear shafts and the electromagnetic clutch are adopted to form an overrun clutch, and the speed changing, the moment increasing and moment direction transferring are realized; and the motor is connected with the safety switch, and the circuit can be cut off automatically when the motor has an excessive load, thus the motor is protected. The electric control brake closing and breakingdevice has the advantages of simple structure, large output torque, low noise and no need of adjustment during the installation, is connected with the input shaft of a vacuum circuit breaker, is safeand reliable to use, is convenient to operate, and is favorable for realizing the long-distance automatic control of a high-voltage power grid.