133results about How to "Reduce downforce" patented technology

An abrasive composition comprising non-polymeric organic particles that is useful for chemical mechanical planarization (CMP), and which can widely be used in the semiconductor industry. The inventive compositions preferably comprise soft water in combination with 0.001-20 w / w % of non-polymeric organic particles, 0.1-10 w / w % of an oxidizing agent, 0.05-10 w / w % of a chelating agent, 0.01-10 w / w % of a surfactant, and 0-10 w / w % of a passivation agent at a pH in the range of 2-12, wherein said percentages are w / w (weight / weight) percentages, based on the total weight of said compositions. The abrasive compositions provide an efficient polishing rate, excellent selectivity and good surface quality when utilized as a new abrasive composition in CMP applications.

An abrasive composition comprising non-polymeric organic particles that is useful for chemical mechanical planarization (CMP), and which can widely be used in the semiconductor industry. The inventive compositions preferably comprise soft water in combination with 0.001–20 w / w % of non-polymeric organic particles, 0.1–10 w / w % of an oxidizing agent, 0.05–10 w / w % of a chelating agent, 0.01–10 w / w % of a surfactant, and 0–10 w / w % of a passivation agent at a pH in the range of 2–12, wherein said percentages are w / w (weight / weight) percentages, based on the total weight of said compositions. The abrasive compositions provide an efficient polishing rate, excellent selectivity and good surface quality when utilized as a new abrasive composition in CMP applications.

An electrolyte solution, methods, and systems for selectively removing a conductive metal from a substrate are provided. The electrolyte solution comprising nanoparticles that are more noble than the conductive metal being removed, is applied to a substrate to remove the conductive metal selectively relative to a dielectric material without application of an external potential or contact of a processing pad with the surface of the substrate. The solutions and methods can be applied, for example, to remove a conductive metal layer (e.g., barrier metal) selectively relative to dielectric material and to a materially different conductive metal (e.g., copper interconnect) without application of an external potential or contact of a processing pad with the surface of the substrate.

The invention generally provides methods and compositions for planarizing a substrate surface having underlying dielectric materials. Aspects of the invention provide compositions and methods using a combination of low polishing pressures, polishing compositions, various polishing speeds, selective polishing pads, and selective polishing temperatures, for removing barrier materials by a chemical mechanical polishing technique with minimal residues and minimal seam damage. Aspects of the invention are achieved by employing a strategic multi-step process including sequential CMP at low polishing pressure to remove the deposited barrier materials.

A bicycle drive apparatus includes a bicycle transmission, a drive assistance electric motor and a microcomputer. The microcomputer includes an output control section that controls an output of the drive assistance electric motor, and that issues a motor output increasing command to increase the output of the drive assistance electric motor upon receiving a shift command for shifting the transmission.

A method and apparatus for conditioning a polishing pad in a CMP system is provided. In one embodiment, a method for conditioning a polishing pad includes applying a down force to the conditioning disk that urges the conditioning disk against the polishing pad, measuring a torque required to sweep the conditioning disk across the polishing pad, determining a change in down force by comparing the measured torque to a model force profile (MFP), and adjusting the down force that the conditioning disk applies against the polishing pad in response to the determined change.

The invention discloses a chemical mechanical grinding method which includes the following steps: a wafer to be ground is provided; the wafer to be ground is absorbed under a grinding head; the grinding head with the wafer to be ground is moved to a rotary table; low downward pressure is imposed on the grinding head, wherein, the ratio of downward pressure imposed on an edge area to that imposed on the central area is between 1.5 and 3 times; and the rotary table and the grinding head are caused to rotate to grind the wafer to be ground. The adoption of the chemical mechanical grinding method of the invention reduces the total downward pressure on the grinding head, increases the difference in proportion of the central area and the edge area and can raise the uniformity and consistency of the grinding technique while improving the problem that oxidate is easily remained in the edge area.

The invention discloses a side slope self-drainage electroosmosis anchor rod and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of rock-soil anchoring. The self-drainage electroosmosis anchor rod comprises two electric geotechnical bags, anchors, base plates and a siphon. Hollow tubes are sleeved with the electric geotechnical bags to extend to the bottoms, sleeve valves are fastened to reserved holes in the electric geotechnical bags, and the electric geotechnical bags are strapped to the hollow tubes externally through plastic clamps on the left sides and the right sides of bags. Slurry is solidified and anchored in a stable side slope, and the front sections of the electric geotechnical bags are anchored on the base plates by the anchors. A moisture inductive control switch is buried in soil of the slope surface, a solar battery is disposed outside the slope, and a positive pole, the moisture inductive control switch, the solar battery and a negative pole are sequentially connected in series through wires. A water suction tube is inserted into the hollow tube of the negative pole and is connected with a balance water discharge device on the slope surface through a connection elbow and a water discharge tube. A water inlet of the water suction tube is the same as a water outlet of the balance water discharge device in elevation. The side slope self-drainage electroosmosis anchor is ingenious in structure, has functions of anchoring, water discharging and solidification acceleration and is high in automation degree, and the construction method is simple and convenient.

The invention discloses a rapid and lasting re-greening method for high and steep rocky slope vegetations. The method comprises the following steps: (1) shaping and checking a slope surface, and removing dangerous rocks; (2) paving a protective net along the whole slope surface from top to bottom, fixing the protective net on the slope surface by adopting grouting anchor rods, and arranging transverse and longitudinal ecological belts between the protective net and the slope surface; (3) casting V-shaped planting grooves in situ in the slope surface; (4) spraying a slope matrix layer onto theprotective net, fixing a coconut fiber net on the matrix layer by using U-shaped nails, and spraying and sowing an organic material mixed with grass seeds on the coconut fiber net; and (5) backfillingsoil in the V-shaped planting grooves, and planting vine plants and shrubs. Through the synergistic effect of the ecological belts, the planting grooves and the hanging net spraying and mixing technology, the defects that in a conventional greening technology, a base material is easily scoured, the greening effect is slow, greening is not uniform, and the re-greening effect is difficult to last are overcome, by arranging the planting grooves and the ecological belts, the stability of the side slope is improved, lasting nutrient supply is achieved, and rapid and lasting re-greening of high andsteep rocky slopes can be realized.

A combined welding method consisting of TIGarc welding for preheating and stirring friction welding features that the welding gun of TIG arc welding is fixed to a slide rod connected to the stirring head of stirring friction welding, and they are arranged in the front of the seam to be welded. After the TIG arc welding is applied for preheating, the stirring friction welding is conducted under pressing, so resulting in high speed and quality.

A method of cleaning a substrate includes receiving a substrate and applying a stress-free cleaning process to the top surface of the substrate. The substrate includes a top surface that is substantially free of device dependent planarity nonuniformities and device independent planarity nonuniformities. The top surface also includes a first material and a device structure formed in the first material, the device structure being formed from a second material. The device structure has a device surface exposed. The device surface has a first surface roughness. A system for stress-free cleaning a substrate is also described.

An electrolyte solution, methods, and systems for selectively removing a conductive metal from a substrate are provided. The electrolyte solution comprising nanoparticles that are more noble than the conductive metal being removed, is applied to a substrate to remove the conductive metal selectively relative to a dielectric material without application of an external potential or contact of a processing pad with the surface of the substrate. The solutions and methods can be applied, for example, to remove a conductive metal layer (e.g., barrier metal) selectively relative to dielectric material and to a materially different conductive metal (e.g., copper interconnect) without application of an external potential or contact of a processing pad with the surface of the substrate.

A bicycle drive apparatus includes a bicycle transmission, a drive assistance electric motor and a microcomputer. The microcomputer includes an output control section that controls an output of the drive assistance electric motor, and that issues a motor output increasing command to increase the output of the drive assistance electric motor upon receiving a shift command for shifting the transmission.

The invention discloses a tool and a method for strengthening friction extrusion of structural member connecting holes, and belongs to the technical field of machining. The friction extrusion strengthening tool comprises three parts of a friction extrusion head, a necking, and a base plate. When the tool is used to strengthen a structural member connecting hole, under the condition of maintaining 0.02-1 mm extruding magnitude of interference between the friction extrusion head and the connecting hole, the friction extrusion head is rotated and is inserted into the connecting hole in uniform speed. After stopping rotation for 2-5 s, the friction extrusion head is pulled out. The rotation speed of the friction extrusion head is 100-1000 rpm, the insertion speed is 0.1-2 mm / s, and pulling-out speed is 0.3-2 mm / s. In the above process, residual compressive stress is formed near the wall surface of the hole, and plastic flow occurs to the material near the wall surface of the hole, and the material has lattice distortion, and dislocation density is increased, so as to realize friction extrusion strengthening on the connecting hole. The tool and the method are mainly used in strengthening of important structural member connecting holes in aviation, aerospace, trains, and ships, and other industries.

The invention relates to the field of gear machining, in particular to a grinding machine for gear machining. The grinding machine comprises a base, wherein a first motor, and a rotating seat driven by the first motor to rotate are arranged on the base, a swing arm is rotationally connected to the base through a first hinge shaft, a second motor and a grinding wheel driven by the second motor to rotate are arranged on the swing arm, a detection mechanism for detecting the tooth position of a gear workpiece are arranged on the base, an elastic mechanism are further arranged on the base, and theelastic mechanism is connected with the swing arm; and when the detection mechanism detects that the grinding wheel is located at the position where the bottom of a tooth groove of the gear workpieceenters a tooth root part, the elastic mechanism applies force to the swing arm to enable the pressure acting on the gear workpiece by the grinding wheel to be reduced. The grinding wheel of the grinding machine locally relieves the downward pressure at the position where the bottom of the tooth groove enters the tooth root part, so that the grinding wheel is not prone to clamp at the position, and the accident probability of the grinding wheel breakage is reduced; and after the rotating speed of the first motor is increased, the grinding efficiency of the gear workpiece can be improved, and after the rotating speed of the first motor changes, the grinding machine can still play a role in reducing the accident probability.

The invention relates to an energy dissipation and seismic mitigation type landslide pile-anchor supporting system suitable for a strong earthquake area. The energy dissipation and seismic mitigationtype landslide pile-anchor supporting system suitable for the strong earthquake area comprises an anchor cable anti-slide pile; the anchor cable anti-slide pile is composed of an anti-slide pile body,an anchor cable free section and an anchor cable anchoring section; and the anti-slide piles are anchored in a stable rock-soil body; the energy dissipation and seismic mitigation type landslide pile-anchor supporting system suitable for the strong earthquake area further comprises an energy dissipation and seismic mitigation device and a seismic mitigation material layer; the anchor cable free section and the pile top of the anti-slide pile are connected together through an energy dissipation and seismic mitigation device; the seismic mitigation material layer is arranged between the anti-slide pile and a slide body, and the anchor cable anchoring section and the deep stable rock-soil body are bonded into a whole through a drill hole. Compared with the prior art, the energy dissipation and seismic mitigation type landslide pile-anchor supporting system suitable for the strong earthquake area has the advantages that under the earthquake action, through reciprocating deformation of a high-strength compression spring and high-strength U-shaped steel, the energy of earthquake motion is consumed, the allowable deformation of the anchor cable free section is improved, the stress concentration of the anchor head part can be effectively reduced, the anchor head is prevented from losing efficacy, and the rock-soil body and the anchor cable are allowed to deform greatly under the earthquake load.

A method of performing chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) is described herein. By way of example, substantially undiluted slurry is applied to a polishing pad. A first CMP process is performed using the substantially undiluted slurry on a semiconductor wafer applying a first amount of pressure. The first CMP process is terminated. Diluted slurry is applied to the polishing pad. A second CMP process is performed using the diluted slurry on the semiconductor wafer while applying a second amount of pressure, wherein the second amount of pressure is less than the first amount of pressure. The second CMP process is terminated.

The invention provides a guitar chord fingering device. The guitar chord fingering device comprises a shell, a frame, a plurality of electromagnetic devices, string contact pressers and an electrical control unit, wherein the shell is provided with chord keys; the frame is fixedly arranged in the shell; the electromagnetic devices are fixedly arranged on the frame; each electromagnetic device corresponds to a different pitch of each string of a guitar; the string contact pressers are driven by the electromagnetic devices; the chord keys are electrically connected with the electrical control unit; and the electrical control unit controls the electromagnetic device at the corresponding pitch to move according to a chord fingering spectrum corresponding to the chord keys so as to drive the string contact pressers to press strings. The invention also provides the guitar provided with the guitar chord fingering device. The guitar chord fingering device and the guitar have the advantages of good universality, simple structure and capability of avoiding interference among parts in various chord processes.

The invention provides side slope safety and ecological shelter components, featuring that component I is a vertical member on the slope surface, the inner cavity of component I is provided with a penetrating vertical drainage passage along the length direction, and two ends of the component I are provided with a transverse impoundment leading opening; component II is a transverse member on the slope surface and is provided with an open filtering layer to be communicated with the transverse impoundment leading opening of the component I in transverse direction so as to form a transverse waterfilter tank; and component III is a fastener used for forming scarf joint between component II and component I. the invention can effectively strengthen the overall firmness of the side slope, satisfybiological space requirements of growth of various plants on water and soil environment, realize the function of containing less water and reserving more rows for the slope soil mass, and ensure to satisfy the project safety and environment protection requirements of firm side slope and biological shelter.

The invention relates to the technical field of landslide prevention and control, in particular to an interception diversion anchoring slab-pile wall and a design method thereof. The interception diversion anchoring slab-pile wall comprises multiple permeable piles, multiple interception walls arranged among the permeable piles and anchoring structures connected with the permeable piles. The interception diversion anchoring slab-pile wall can play an effect of supporting and retaining a deep-layer large-scale landslide, can also timely intercept and drain away underground surface water in a landslide mass, timely remove rock and earth mass pore water pressure, effectively lower rock and earth dead load, reduce rock and earth mass strength loss, particularly sliding surface strength loss, improve the anti-shearing strength of the rock and earth mass, prevent underground water from being infiltrated into a lower-level slip mass, is beneficial to stabilization of the lower-level slip massor even the entire slip mass, directly lower the sliding force of the earth mass behind the slab-pile wall, and improve the anti-slip capability of the sliding surface. In this way, in the design, the sectional dimension of the permeable piles can be reduced, the construction cost can be reduced, and the engineering economy benefit can be increased.

The invention relates to a flexible assembly device and a method for mounting a clutch on a transmission. The flexible assembly device comprises a top plate, guide columns, springs, a fixed plate anda floating mechanism. The floating mechanism comprises a floating plate and a clamping jaw assembly. A mounting position for being connected with a manipulator is arranged on the top plate. The guidecolumns are correspondingly connected to the two ends of the top plate and located below the top plate. The floating plate is connected with the guide columns, and the floating plate can slide up anddown along the guide columns. The fixed plate is connected to the lower ends of the guide columns. Each guide column is sleeved with a spring, and the springs are arranged between the fixed plate andthe floating plate. The clamping jaw assembly is connected to the lower portion of the floating plate. The clamping jaw assembly is used for clamping a workpiece. When the manipulator controls the whole flexible assembly device to be pressed down, the springs apply springback force to the floating plate, so that most of the downforce can be offset and the workpiece cannot be crushed. Therefore, bythe adoption of the flexible assembly device and the method for mounting the clutch on the transmission, the mounting difficulty of the clutch on the transmission can be lowered effectively, and themounting efficiency is improved.

In sophisticated CMP recipes, the material removal may be accomplished on the basis of a chemically reactive slurry material and a reduced down force, wherein the surface topography of a finally obtained material layer may be enhanced by using, at least in a final phase, a glazed state of the polishing pad.

The invention relates to the field of landslide prevention and control, in particular to an anti-sliding pile assembly with an anti-seismic drainage function and a construction method of the anti-sliding pile assembly. The anti-sliding pile assembly with the anti-seismic drainage function comprises an anti-sliding pile, a protective wall sleeves the anti-sliding pile, a buffer drainage layer is arranged on the water-facing side of the protective wall, and a drainage device is arranged at the bottom of the buffer drainage layer. According to the anti-sliding pile assembly with the anti-seismicdrainage function, the seismic inertia force directly assumed by the anti-sliding pile is reduced, a role in improving the seismic resistance of the anti-sliding pile is played, and the sliding forceof a sliding body is reduced, and the impact of groundwater in the sliding body on the anti-sliding pile or the protective wall is greatly reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical detection devices, in particular to an optical detection device with a protection mechanism, which comprises an optical detector and a driving motor, a slotted hole is formed in the surface of the bottom end of the optical detector, a fixed frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top end of the slotted hole, and a damping spring is welded to the inner wall of the top end of the fixed frame; moving blocks are welded to the sides, away from the inner wall of the top end of the fixing frame, of the damping springs. According to the optical detector, the damping springs are arranged, under the elastic action of the damping springs, vibration generated when the optical detector works can be reduced, meanwhile, downward pressure borne by the optical detector can be reduced, and the service life of the optical detector is prolonged; the anti-collision strength of the surface of the optical detector can be improved, the surface of the optical detector is protected, and the situation that normal use is affected due to the fact that the optical detector is accidentally impacted and damaged is avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of side slope stability prevention and treatment research and relates to a side slope rescuing counter pressure adverse construction method and a structure thereof. The side slope rescuing counter pressure adverse construction method comprises the following steps that 1, side slope body geometric elements are determined, and side slope body physical and mechanics parameters are determined; 2, counter pressure platform parameters are determined, and counter pressure materials are determined; and 3, an adverse method is adopted for carrying out construction. The side slope rescuing counter pressure adverse construction method has the beneficial effects of being convenient in construction, fast, safe, low in cost, small in disturbance to a slope body and the like. Moreover, the method can be applied to filling embankments of highways and railways, water conservancy embankment projects, soft soil foundation pit projects and various side slope rescuing projects.

The invention discloses a PCB buffering and locating hot-pressing fixture. The PCB buffering and locating hot-pressing fixture comprises a hot-pressing table and an air cylinder, and is characterized in that a carrier plate is arranged on the top of the hot-pressing table, a rack is arranged above the hot-pressing table, guide pillars are arranged between the rack and the hot-pressing table, the air cylinder is arranged in the rack, the bottom of an air cylinder rod of the air cylinder is connected with a pressing plate, the pressing plate penetrates through the guide pillars, a buffering backing plate is arranged at the bottom of the pressing plate, a heating plate is arranged below the buffering backing plate, heating sheets are arranged in the heating plate, locating pins are arranged on two sides of the bottom of the pressing plate respectively, two locating bases are correspondingly arranged on the hot-pressing table, and blind holes are formed in the locating bases. According to the PCB buffering and locating hot-pressing fixture, the problems that a PCB can be pressed to damage easily by the pressing plate in the pressing process of the pressing plate because the speed is too high, and the pressing plate can not be aligned to a heating point well because a hot-pressing device is not provided with a locating system are solved; the PCB buffering and locating hot-pressing fixture is fast in location, and can guarantee correctness of machining positions and protect a hot-pressing plate.

The invention relates to a landslide foundation treatment embankment structure. The structure comprises a bed rock, a soft sliding layer, a foundation layer, embankment filling, anti-sliding piles, aloading berm, vertical water draining pipes and transverse water draining pipes. The weak sliding layer is mounted above the bed rock, the foundation layer is mounted above the weak sliding layer, a water cutting curtain is mounted on the top of a landslide, a catchwater is mounted on the top of the water cutting curtain, the vertical water draining pipes and the transverse water draining pipes are arranged in a landslide foundation, and are arranged in a row manner, the vertical water draining pipes are arranged vertically, the bottom ends of the vertical water draining pipes are embedded into the bed rock by a certain depth, outlets in the top ends of the vertical water draining pipes extend out of the foundation layer and are embedded in to a broken stone layer, the transverse water draining pipes are horizontal or outlets are inclined downwards by a certain angle, and the transverse water draining pipes are not embedded into the bed rock. The structure has the beneficial effects that through adoption of the water cutting, soft layer water draining, sliding resistance, load reducing and back pressure integrated treatment landslide foundation, the embankment structure is built, anti-sliding capacity of the landslide foundation embankment can be greatly improved.

The invention discloses a metal plate transverse cutting production line. The production line comprises a bottom plate and a supporting base fixedly arranged on the bottom plate. The left end face ofthe supporting base is internally provided with a first sliding cavity, a first sliding block and a buffer block are arranged in the first sliding cavity separately through sliding fit, and a first threaded rod is arranged in the sliding block through threaded fit. A first motor is arranged at the extending tail end of the top of the first threaded rod through power matching, the first motor is fixedly arranged in the top wall of the first sliding cavity, and the extending tail end of the bottom of the first threaded rod is in rotating fit connection with the bottom wall of the first sliding cavity. The buffer block is in clearance fit with the first threaded rod, and a buffer spring is fixedly arranged between the top end face of the buffer block and the bottom end face of the first sliding block. A guide sliding cavity is formed in the end face of the top of the first sliding block, and a guide sliding block is arranged in the guide sliding cavity through sliding fit.