86results about How to "Reducing and eliminating need" patented technology

A system (and a method) for electronic financial transactions includes at least of each of a sender having an electronic wallet, a recipient having an electronic wallet, a sending bank having a host application system and an authentication server, a receiving bank having a host application system and an authentication server, and a wallet management center with a host application system and an authentication server. The sender uses its electronic wallet to send an encrypted payment instruction directly to the electronic wallet of the recipient. The recipient can accept the payment by performing a second level encryption of the payment instruction for submission to the wallet management center for authentication. Once authenticated, the wallet management center immediately notifies the recipient and submits payment instructions for clearing by the corresponding sending and receiving banks. Payment authorization is authenticated directly by the sending bank without involvement of the wallet management center.

Systems and methods for applying guided active compression decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation are provided. Exemplary systems include a load cell, a handle, an adhesive pad. The handle and the adhesive pad are configured for magnetic coupling.

A combustor apparatus is provided, comprising a mixing arrangement for mixing a carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture. A combustion chamber is at least partially defined by a porous perimetric transpiration member, at least partially surrounded by a pressure containment member. The combustion chamber has longitudinally spaced apart inlet and outlet portions. The fuel mixture is received by the inlet portion for combustion within the combustion chamber at a combustion temperature to form a combustion product. The combustion chamber further directs the combustion product longitudinally toward the outlet portion. The porous transpiration member is configured to substantially uniformly direct a transpiration substance laterally therethrough, about the perimeter thereof defining the combustion chamber and longitudinally between the inlet and outlet portions, toward the combustion chamber for buffering interaction between the combustion product and the porous transpiration member. Associated systems are also provided.

A combustor apparatus is provided, comprising a mixing arrangement for mixing a carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture. A combustion chamber is at least partially defined by a porous perimetric transpiration member, at least partially surrounded by a pressure containment member. The combustion chamber has longitudinally spaced apart inlet and outlet portions. The fuel mixture is received by the inlet portion for combustion within the combustion chamber at a combustion temperature to form a combustion product. The combustion chamber directs the combustion product longitudinally toward the outlet portion. The transpiration member is configured to substantially uniformly direct a transpiration substance therethrough toward the combustion chamber, such that the transpiration substance is directed to flow helically about the perimeter and longitudinally between the inlet and outlet portions, for buffering interaction between the combustion product and the transpiration member. Associated systems are also provided.

The spinal fusion device (100) of the invention is implanted within an intervertebral space between adjacent upper and lower vertebrae and secured to the vertebrae with cement. The fusion device includes upper and lower endplate facing surfaces (150, 160) each having at least one opening (120) for delivering cement material to adjacent contact surfaces of the vertebrae above and below the implant. Utilizing quick-setting cement compositions with the device <:an allow for almost immediate fusion of the vertebrae, thus, reducing or eliminating the need for adjuvant fixation devices such as screws, plates, and / or rods, while also simultaneously providing precise delivery of cement to contact surfaces between the fusion device and vertebrae.

A System for providing communications over a communications network includes a communications interface and processor. The communications interface communicates over the communications network. The processor directs a communications scheduler to determine at least one metric for a path within the communications network. The processor also selects a data flow for the path and determines whether to transmit a packet in the selected data flow based on the at least one metric. The processor then directs a communications protocol handler to generate the packet for the selected data flow.

A radio frequency amplifier system is disclosed in which the amplifier bias supply and power supply voltages are >instantaneously modulated with signals derived from the envelope voltage of the input signal. Separate non-linear mapping functions are used to derive the supply and bias voltages. The two mapping functions are optimised jointly to achieve particular system performance goals, such as optimum efficiency, constant gain, constant phase, or minimum spectral spreading. An optimisation of >particular interest is that which achieves best RF amplifier power added efficiency subject to achieving constant amplifier gain. In this way the need for pre-distortion linearization may be reduced or eliminated.

Method for gas liquefaction comprising cooling a feed gas by a first refrigeration system in a first heat exchange zone and withdrawing a substantially liquefied stream therefrom, further cooling the substantially liquefied stream by indirect heat exchange with one or more work-expanded refrigerant streams in a second heat exchange zone, and withdrawing therefrom a further cooled, substantially liquefied stream. At least one of the one or more work-expanded refrigerant streams is provided by compressing one or more refrigerant gases to provide a compressed refrigerant stream, cooling all or a portion of the compressed refrigerant stream in a third heat exchange zone to provide a cooled, compressed refrigerant stream, and work expanding the cooled, compressed refrigerant stream to provide one of the one or more work-expanded refrigerant streams. The flow rate of a work-expanded refrigerant stream in the second heat exchange zone typically is less than the total flow rate of one or more work-expanded refrigerant streams in the third heat exchange zone.

A System for providing communications over a communications network includes a communications interface and processor. The communications interface communicates over the communications network. The processor directs a communications scheduler to determine at least one metric for a path within the communications network. The processor also selects a data flow for the path and determines whether to transmit a packet in the selected data flow based on the at least one metric. The processor then directs a communications protocol handler to generate the packet for the selected data flow.

A flash injection system for ammonia selective catalytic reduction aftertreatment of engine exhaust gases includes a tank for storing aqueous urea. An injection nozzle is disposed in an exhaust conduit of the engine, which conducts an exhaust stream from the engine. A fluid line conducts the aqueous urea between the tank and the nozzle. A pump is coupled with the fluid line for pressurizing the aqueous urea. A heater is also coupled with the fluid line for heating the aqueous urea that is pressurized by the pump. A valve is operatively connected to the fluid line for controlling injection of aqueous urea through the nozzle into the exhaust stream. Injecting heated, pressurized aqueous urea into the exhaust stream causes the aqueous urea to rapidly atomize due to the decrease in pressure across the nozzle. The system is operative to convert NOx gases produced by diesel internal combustion engines into nitrogen.

A homogeneous ceria-based mixed-metal oxide, useful as a catalyst support, a co-catalyst and / or a getter has a relatively large surface area per weight, typically exceeding 150 m<2> / g, a structure of nanocrystallites having diameters of less than 4 nm, and including pores larger than the nanocrystallites and having diameters in the range of 4 to about 9 nm. The ratio of pore volumes, VP, to skeletal structure volumes, VS, is typically less than about 2.5, and the surface area per unit volume of the oxide material is greater than 320 m<2> / cm<3>, for low internal mass transfer resistance and large effective surface area for reaction activity. The mixed metal oxide is ceria-based, includes Zr and or Hf, and is made by a novel co-precipitation process. A highly dispersed catalyst metal, typically a noble metal such as Pt, may be loaded on to the mixed metal oxide support from a catalyst metal-containing solution following a selected acid surface treatment of the oxide support. Appropriate ratioing of the Ce and other metal constituents of the oxide support contribute to it retaining in a cubic phase and enhancing catalytic performance. Rhenium is preferably further loaded on to the mixed-metal oxide support and passivated, to increase the activity of the catalyst. The metal-loaded mixed-metal oxide catalyst is applied particularly in water gas shift reactions as associated with fuel processing systems, as for fuel cells.

Microelectronic substrate processing systems include a microelectronic substrate processing chamber that is configured to contain therein at least one microelectronic substrate. A carbon dioxide supply system is configured to supply densified carbon dioxide to the microelectronic substrate processing chamber. A detergent supply system is configured to supply detergent to the microelectronic substrate processing chamber.

An apparatus can treat biological tissue using a base member, a plurality of needles, and a plurality of fiber optics. The plurality of needles extend from the base member. Each needle defines a bore capable of receiving a fiber optic and has an end. The plurality of needles form an array capable of penetrating a biological tissue and positioning each end within a subsurface volume of the biological tissue. Each fiber optic is adapted for insertion into the bore of each needle, and each fiber optic is capable of delivering electromagnetic radiation to the subsurface volume of the biological tissue to treat the biological tissue.

A combustor apparatus is provided, comprising a mixing arrangement for mixing a carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture. A combustion chamber is at least partially defined by a porous perimetric transpiration member, at least partially surrounded by a pressure containment member. The combustion chamber has longitudinally spaced apart inlet and outlet portions. The fuel mixture is received by the inlet portion for combustion within the combustion chamber at a combustion temperature to form a combustion product. The combustion chamber directs the combustion product longitudinally toward the outlet portion. The transpiration member is configured to substantially uniformly direct a transpiration substance therethrough toward the combustion chamber, such that the transpiration substance is directed to flow helically about the perimeter and longitudinally between the inlet and outlet portions, for buffering interaction between the combustion product and the transpiration member. Associated systems are also provided.

A film comprising a polyethylene composition, the polyethylene composition in one embodiment comprising a high molecular weight component having a weight average molecular weight of greater than 50,000 amu and a low molecular weight component having a weight average molecular weight of less than 50,000 amu; the polyethylene composition possessing a density of between 0.940 and 0.970 g / cm3, and an I21 value of less than 20 dg / min; characterized in that the polyethylene composition extrudes at an advantageously high specific throughput at an advantageously low melt temperature, and wherein the film has a gel count of less than 100.

Disclosed herein are computer-implemented systems and methods for user-customization and display of advertisements via digital media. Generally, the disclosed systems and methods involve a graphical user interface, which allows a user, e.g., a user of a social networking service, to search a database of advertisements, select one or more advertisements of interest, select a format for display of the one or more advertisements of interest, select one / or more customization options for display of the one or more advertisements of interest, and display the one or more advertisements of interest via a digital medium, e.g., a webpage, in accordance with the one or more selections for the one or more customization options.

A combustor apparatus is provided, comprising a mixing arrangement for mixing a carbonaceous fuel with enriched oxygen and a working fluid to form a fuel mixture. A combustion chamber is at least partially defined by a porous perimetric transpiration member, at least partially surrounded by a pressure containment member. The combustion chamber has longitudinally spaced apart inlet and outlet portions. The fuel mixture is received by the inlet portion for combustion within the combustion chamber at a combustion temperature to form a combustion product. The combustion chamber further directs the combustion product longitudinally toward the outlet portion. The porous transpiration member is configured to substantially uniformly direct a transpiration substance laterally therethrough, about the perimeter thereof defining the combustion chamber and longitudinally between the inlet and outlet portions, toward the combustion chamber for buffering interaction between the combustion product and the porous transpiration member. Associated systems are also provided.

There is disclosed a technique for controlling at least one amplification stage, comprising: selecting a linearity objective for the amplification stage; in dependence on an input signal to said amplification stage, determining a combination of supply input and bias input for the amplification stage in order to meet said linearity objective; and in dependence on there being more than one combination of supply input and bias input for meeting the linearity objective, selecting the combination that optimises a further system performance objective for the amplification stage. The further system performance objective may be one or more of: an efficiency objective; an envelope signal bandwidth objective; or a robustness to production tolerance objective.

A radio frequency amplifier system is disclosed in which the amplifier bias supply and power supply voltages are instantaneously modulated with signals derived from the envelope voltage of the input signal. Separate non-linear mapping functions are used to derive the supply and bias voltages. The two mapping functions are optimised jointly to achieve particular system performance goals, such as optimum efficiency, constant gain, constant phase, or minimum spectral spreading. An optimisation of particular interest is that which achieves best RF amplifier power added efficiency subject to achieving constant amplifier gain. In this way the need for pre-distortion linearization may be reduced or eliminated.

The present invention includes compositions and methods for the isolation, purification and preparation of immunogenic antigens for the production of customized cancer vaccines that include dendritic cells that are contacted with an antigen that includes heat-shocked cancer cells.

An aqueous latex coating composition and method of making an aqueous latex coating composition that comprises at least one oligomeric ethylene glycol derivative having the structure RO—(CH2—CH2—O—)n—H, at least one latex polymer, and water, wherein R is H or C1-C4 alkyl and preferably H, and n is from 3 to 9, preferably from 3 to 8, and more preferably from 3 to 6. The oligomeric ethylene glycol derivative functions as both a coalescing solvent and freeze-thaw stabilizer without contributing to the VOC content of the composition.

A layer of superalloy metal foam (20) is deposited onto a superalloy substrate (14) by laser melting (16) a powder mixture (10) containing particles of a superalloy metal (22) and particles of a foaming agent (24). A gas turbine engine component (30) is formed to include such metal foam. A ceramic thermal barrier coating material (31) may be applied directly over the metal foam without an intervening bond coat layer.

Mobile terminals, methods, and program products for generating a magnetic heading. A geographic position of the mobile terminal is determined. A magnetic field at the mobile terminal is sensed. A magnetic inclination and / or a magnetic declination of the magnetic field is determined based on the determined geographic position. A magnetic heading is determined for the mobile terminal based on the sensed magnetic field and based on the determined magnetic inclination and / or magnetic declination.

An aqueous latex coating composition and method of making an aqueous latex coating composition that comprises at least one oligomeric ethylene glycol derivative having the structure RO—(CH2—CH2—O—)n—H, at least one latex polymer, and water, wherein R is H or C1-C4 alkyl and preferably H, and n is from 3 to 9, preferably from 3 to 8, and more preferably from 3 to 6. The oligomeric ethylene glycol derivative functions as both a coalescing solvent and freeze-thaw stabilizer without contributing to the VOC content of the composition.

A method for reactivating a solid alkylation catalyst is provided which can be performed within a reactor that contains the alkylation catalyst or outside the reactor. Effective catalyst reactivation is achieved whether the catalyst is completely deactivated or partially deactivated. A fluid reactivating agent is employed to dissolve catalyst fouling agents and also to react with such agents and carry away the reaction products. The deactivated catalyst is contacted with the fluid reactivating agent under pressure and temperature conditions such that the fluid reactivating agent is dense enough to effectively dissolve the fouling agents and any reaction products of the fouling agents and the reactivating agent. Useful pressures and temperatures for reactivation include near-critical, critical, and supercritical pressures and temperatures for the reactivating agent. The fluid reactivating agent can include, for example, a branched paraffin containing at least one tertiary carbon atom, or a compound that can be isomerized to a molecule containing at least one tertiary carbon atom.

A circuit block which comprises a non-linear capacitor with two different values of capacitance dependent on a value of a voltage of a resonant signal on the capacitor; a plurality of second capacitors each coupled to a respective switch to enable a said second capacitor to be switched in or out of parallel connection with the nonlinear capacitor; and a tuning control, coupled to the second capacitor switches, and sensing an amplitude of the resonant signal. The tuning control circuit is configured to control the second capacitor switches to successively switch the second capacitors in / out of parallel connection with the non-linear capacitor dependent on the amplitude of the resonant signal until the non-linear capacitor has substantially a single one of two different values, such that in a resonant circuit the circuit block then behaves as a fixed value capacitor.

Disclosed is a composition and methods of its use for whitening skin or evening out skin tone, wherein the composition includes dried navy (haricot)-bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) powder or an aqueous extract thereof.