52 results about "Clathrate hydrate" patented technology

The present invention includes a method for inhibiting hydrate formation blockage in a flow line used to transport hydrocarbon containing fluids. Water is added to a hydrocarbon containing fluid to produce a water cut enhanced hydrocarbon containing fluid. Salt may be added to the hydrocarbon containing fluids as well. Hydrate formation blockage is inhibited from forming within the flow line by the addition of the water and/or the salt. Sufficient water may be added such that the hydrocarbon containing fluid is converted from a water in oil emulsion to a water continuous emulsion. A system for preventing the formation of hydrate blockage in conduits is also provided. The system includes a flow line for transporting a hydrocarbon containing fluid and a water injection conduit fluidly connected to the flow line to add water to the flow line to increase the water cut of a hydrocarbon containing fluid flowing through the flow line. A salt dispenser may also be included which is used to increase the salinity of the hydrocarbon containing fluid. The system may further include a water separator to separate hydrocarbons from water which receives fluids from the flow line. The flow line, water separator and water injection conduit may cooperate to form a loop wherein water from the flow line may be separated by the water separator and a portion of the separated water is delivered back to the water injection conduit to be reinjected into the flow line.

Methods, apparatuses and systems directed to clathrate hydrate modular storage, applications and utilization processes. In one implementation, the present invention provides a method of creating scalable, easily deployable storage of natural gas and thermal energy by assembling an array of interconnecting, modular gas clathrate hydrate storage units.

The invention provides semi-clathrate hydrate compositions formed from water, a semi-clathrate hydrate forming compound and a gas. The semi-clathrate hydrate forming compounds can be ammonium salts, sulphonium salts, phosphonium salts or amines. The semi-clathrate hydrate compositions can be used to store gases including hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide. Methods of manufacture of the compositions and their uses in energy storage and generation, and for the separation of gases are also described.

A method of producing a clathrate hydrate slurry, includes a step of heat-exchanging an aqueous solution of a guest compound for the clathrate hydrate or a slurry of the clathrate hydrate dispersed or suspended in an aqueous solution or water with a refrigerant thereby generating the clathrate hydrate in the aqueous solution or the slurry, in which a part of the clathrate hydrate deposited on the heat transfer surface in the process of heat exchange with the refrigerant is removed by adjustment of a temperature of the refrigerant and flow force of the aqueous solution or the slurry and the rest is kept remained as it covers the heat transfer surface.

The invention provides a method for simulating TBPB half-cage type hydrate membrane separation mixed gas. The method comprises the following steps of: establishing a TBPB half-cage type hydrate unit cell and a mixed gas model by adoption of computer simulation software, and superposing the TBPB half-cage type hydrate unit cell and the mixed gas model to obtain an initial structure of TBPB half-cage type hydrate membrane separation mixed gas; and setting simulation parameters, obtaining a stable structure through carrying out energy minimization and position restrictive pre-equilibrated simulation in sequence, carrying out molecular dynamic calculation to obtain molecular track coordinate information, and carrying out image analysis and calculation analysis on the molecular track coordinateinformation. According to the method, a process that gas molecules enter TBPB half-cage type hydrates is quantitatively observed in real time from a molecule angle, so that single components in mixedgas can be separated and enriched preferably.

The present invention involves inhibiting clathrate hydrate formation by adding ionic liquids that are soluble in water. Properly tailored ionic liquids shift the hydrate-aqueous liquid-vapor equilibrium curve to a lower temperature and, at the same time, retard the hydrate formation by slowing down the hydrate nucleation rate. This dual function makes this type of inhibitors perform more effectively. The present invention is useful for the production, processing, and transportation in oil and gas industry, especially for deep-sea exploration and production where the operating temperature and pressure become in favor of hydrate formation.

A technique by which a clathrate hydrate slurry can be stably produced over long while maintaining a merit that a clathrate hydrate adherent to the heat exchange surface of a heat exchanger has the effect of accelerating the fresh formation of a clathrate hydrate. It is a process for producing a clathrate hydrate slurry which comprises a step in which either an aqueous solution of a guest compound for a clathrate hydrate or a slurry obtained by dispersing or suspending the clathrate hydrate in the aqueous solution or water is caused to flow in a heat exchanger tube to yield the clathrate hydrate in the aqueous solution or the slurry through heat exchange with a refrigerant surrounding the outer periphery of the heat exchanger tube. The process is characterized in that the amount of the clathrate hydrate adhering to the inner wall surface of the heat exchanger tube in the course of heat exchange with the refrigerant is inhibited from increasing by means of the force of flow of the aqueous solution or slurry running in the heat exchanger tube.

A latent heat storage material including a clathrate hydrate including, as its guest compound or guest compounds, a salt containing at least one of primary phosphate ion (H₂PO₄⁻), secondary phosphate ion (HPO₄²⁻) and tertiary phosphate ion (PO₄³⁻), and a pH regulator.

An aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium salt as a guest compound of a clathrate hydrate, having a property of producing the clathrate hydrate when cooled, and further containing a phosphate of an alkali metal added thereto. A clathrate hydrate produced by cooling an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium salt and a phosphate of an alkali metal, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt is the guest compound.

The invention relates to a stratigraphic modeling device and method for suspended state hydrates. The stratigraphic modeling device is composed of a vacuum saturation device, a freezing device, a microwave heating device, an air compression water drainage device and a hydrate synthesis device in a combined mode. A stratigraphic sample is heated evenly, the relative height of a waveguide tube and the stratigraphic sample can be adjusted, and the entire stratigraphic sample can be placed in a relatively even electromagnetic field. Rock ore particles with the microwave absorption capacity far higher than that of ice are used as the stratigraphic modeling sample. The microwave heating power and the heating time are adjusted to control the saturability of natural gas hydrates. Surface treatment is conducted on the stratigraphic sample of porous media, so that the stratigraphic sample has hydrophobicity, the hydrates only exist in the gap of the stratigraphic sample, and the fact that the surfaces of the stratigraphic sample particles are wrapped with a hydrate layer is avoided. A multilayer stacking mode is used for acquiring the suspended state hydrate stratigraphic sample with large diameter and high thickness, and a simulated stratum is provided for simulating well drilling, well measuring and hydrate mining.

An apparatus for production of a clathrate hydrate with enhanced latent heat storing capability includes a gas supplier for supplying a gas to an aqueous solution containing a quaternary ammonium compound, and a cooler for cooling the aqueous solution, the apparatus producing the clathrate hydrate with enhanced latent heat storing capability including both the quaternary ammonium compound and the gas as guests by supplying the gas to the aqueous solution with the gas supplier in the stage of cooling with the cooler.

The invention relates to an ionic liquid type hydrate inhibitor. The inhibitor is a dilute solution or a mixture prepared by dissolving one ionic liquid, two ionic liquids or more than two ionic liquids in a solvent; the ionic liquid is added to a solvent The mass concentration is 0.005~0.05wt%; the ionic liquid is composed of organic cations and organic or inorganic anions in a molar ratio of 1:1 combined by ionic bonds; the solvents are water, brine, alcohols and their mixtures, because the inhibitor has a unique The unit structure can form steric hindrance and electric barrier steric hindrance to the formation of clathrate hydrate in the fluid, which can inhibit the nucleation, growth and agglomeration of hydrate, has high inhibitory activity, and can reduce the viscosity of the fluid. Improve the fluidity of the fluid. Compared with the commonly used thermodynamic inhibitors, the inhibition performance and inhibition time are improved, the dosing dosage is greatly reduced, the dosing conditions are mild, the recovery is convenient, the solvent loss is small, and it is environmentally friendly.

The invention relates to a method used for preparing tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate. According to the method, a tetrabutylammonium salt and potassium fluoride are dissolved in water; low temperature crystallization is carried out; pumping filtration is carried out so as to obtain tetrabutylammonium fluoride clathrate hydrate; and tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate is obtained via vacuum drying. Reaction conditions of the method are mild; reaction processes are carried out in water; no organic solvent is used; the method is green and friendly to the environment; tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate is obtained via crystallization separation of the tetrabutylammonium fluoride clathrate hydrate; steps are short; operation is simple and convenient; hydrofluoric acid is not used; no ion exchange column is used; no special requirement on equipment is proposed; cost is low; yield is high; and the method is suitable for industrialized production.

The issue of the invention is to provide a novel substance containing dissolved oxygen that could not be measured using prior-art measurement methods, and an oxygen solution containing said substance. According to a solution, an oxygen clathrate hydrate containing dissolved oxygen is formed, the state of dissolution in solution being maintained even under heating to 100 DEG C.

The invention belongs to the technical field of phase change heat storage materials and discloses a supported type semi-cage type aquo-complex phase change heat storage material and a preparing method and application thereof. The phase change heat storage material is prepared from, by mass, 100 parts of water, 10-110 parts of tetraisoamyl quaternary ammonium salt and 0.01-20 parts of supporting materials. The supported type semi-cage type aquo-complex phase change heat storage material has the advantages of being stable in room temperature, proper in phase change temperature, large in phase change latent heat and large in heat conducting coefficient, the size changes little in the phase change process, supercooling and separation phenomena are avoided, chemical performance is stable, and the material can be applied to the field of phase change heat storage.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection material, and discloses a semi-clathrate hydrate stable at room temperature and application thereof to carbon dioxide capture. The semi-clathrate hydrate is obtained by evenly mixing 100 parts by weight of water and 25-100 parts by weight of tetraisoamyl quaternary ammonium salt. The application is as below: placing the semi-clathrate hydrate in an autoclave, introducing high-pressure carbon dioxide gas at a certain temperature, and reacting to obtain a solid carbon dioxide hydrate with high gas storage density, so as to realize the capture of carbon dioxide. The invention adopts tetraisoamyl quaternary ammonium salt as a stabilizer and promoter to promote the formation of carbon dioxide hydrate, and has the advantages of low formation pressure, good stability at room temperature and high CO2 capture efficiency, and provides technical support for industrial application of carbon dioxide hydrate capture.

A method and apparatus for controlling hydrogen gas storage in a clathrate hydrate structure through application of an electromagnetic field. The applied field can be used to control release of gas from the clathrate hydrate structure and/or uptake of gas into the clathrate hydrate structure. The electromagnetic field is arranged to promote “hopping” of gas molecules between and out of retaining pockets in the clathrate lattice by stimulating vibrations in the lattice that cause apertures into the retaining pockets to flex open. Advantageously, the electromagnetic field may have properties that are selected to promote an increase in the rate gas release or gas uptake without causing dissociation of the lattice. In this scenario, the invention can provide an energy-efficient, rechargeable on-demand supply system for any gas that can be retained within a clathrate hydrate structure.

The invention provides a method and system for extracting stranded gas (such as natural gas or hydrogen) or a mixture of oil and natural gas from a subterranean environment such as beneath the ocean floor and converting it into a solid hydrate such as a clathrate featuring a) extracting stranded gas (such as natural gas or hydrogen) or a mixture of oil and natural gas; b) optionally separating the natural gas from the mixture of oil and natural gas in a first tank or vessel; c) transporting the stranded gas to a second tank or vessel; d) introducing sea water into the second tank or vessel; e) mixing the stranded gas and water to form a clathrate hydrate/water slurry; f) removing excess water from the clathrate hydrate slurry to form a solid comprising a clathrate hydrate; and g) processing the solid comprising a clathrate hydrate into a transportable form; and h) optionally collecting the gas into a transportable vessel.

A method for forming, or crystallising, clathrates hydrates of a host molecule in a liquid including water includes the following consecutive steps: cooling the liquid to a temperature no higher than the crystallisation temperature of the clathrates hydrates; and placing the cooled liquid in contact with host molecules that are capable of forming clathrates hydrates and are adsorbed on a solid support that has a large specific surface area and is made of a hydrophobic and apolar material, whereby the host molecules are desorbed from the solid support that has a large specific surface area and is made of a hydrophobic and apolar material, and react with the water of the liquid in order to provide a liquid containing clathrates hydrates and the solid support.