48 results about "Cyclotron resonance" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave plasmas, and particularly relates to a magnetized atmospheric pressure pulse microwave plasma jet discharger. The discharger is reasonable in design, microwave energy is fed into the discharge chamber through the SMA interface, high electric field intensity is formed at the tip of the hollow needle electrode, and fed working gas is disrupted and discharged; a magnet exciting coil outside the quartz tube generates an axial magnetic field inside the quartz tube through direct current, electrons do spiral cycloid motion in an electromagnetic field, and electron cyclotron resonance can be achieved under the field. Through magnetic field constraint, high-energy electrons are constrained in a core area, a motion path is prolonged, effective collision times are increased, gas dissociation efficiency and ionization degree are improved, and collision loss of the electrons and a wall surface is reduced; the plasma jet performance is improved; the device works in an atmospheric pressure environment, does not need a vacuum system, reduces equipment cost and maintenance difficulty, reduces electrode sputtering and cavity corrosion, and prolongs the service life of core components.

The invention relates to the technical field of dissolvable organic matters, and discloses a method for exploring photochemical reactivity of microplastic derived dissolvable organic matters, which comprises the following steps: S1, sample preparation: selecting microplastic as a source of the dissolvable organic matters, and generating MP-DOM through a leaching experiment; different types of MP-DOM samples are subjected to illumination treatment, and the DOM samples before and after illumination are analyzed through Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry; s2, generating a molecular formula data set: calculating a plurality of molecular parameters for describing chemical characteristics of each molecular formula by using molecular formula data generated by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry; according to the method for exploring the photochemical reactivity of the micro-plastic derived soluble organic matter, the FT-ICR-MS technology and the machine learning algorithm are combined, the RF model is superior to other models in predicting the MP-DOM photochemical reactivity, the complex DOM photochemical reactivity can be effectively analyzed, and a more accurate prediction result is provided.

The invention belongs to the field of soil dissolved organic matter analysis, and provides a multispectral-based DOM detection and reclamation influence evaluation method, which comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting dry farmland soil samples of different reclamation years, and obtaining soil column samples of a plough layer, a plow pan and subsoil; 2, extracting, centrifuging and filtering the soil sample to obtain a DOM solution; 3, detecting the DOM solution by adopting an ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum; step 4, adopting a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum and combining parallel factor analysis to obtain fluorescence components and source characteristics of the DOM solution; step 5, analyzing molecular composition and characteristic parameters of the DOM solution by adopting solid-phase extraction in combination with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry; and step 6, based on the detection data in the steps 3-5, evaluating the influence of reclamation years on the composition, structure and degradation characteristics of the DOM. According to the method, multi-dimensional detection of soil DOM is realized through a multi-spectrum and mass spectrum combined technology, and DOM is comprehensively analyzed from a macrostructure to molecular composition.

The application discloses an electron cyclotron resonance ion source, which comprises a plurality of microwave transmission modules, a plurality of microwave resonance cavities, a plasma generation chamber and a magnetic field module, the microwave transmission module comprises a microwave source, an impedance matcher and a waveguide, the microwave source is used for generating and emitting microwaves, the microwave sources generate microwaves with the same or different frequencies, the inlet of the waveguide is connected with the microwave source, and the outlet is connected with the microwave resonance cavity, each waveguide is connected with one microwave resonance cavity, the impedance matcher is used for adjusting the frequency and standing wave of the microwaves and realizing impedance matching of microwave feeding, the inlet of the plasma generation chamber is connected with the outlets of the plurality of microwave resonance cavities, free electrons are formed at the boundary of the plasma generation chamber and the plurality of microwave resonance cavities, and the magnetic field module is used for generating a magnetic field, so that the free electrons make spiral motion in the plasma generation chamber and collide with background gas introduced into the plasma generation chamber to generate plasma. The electron cyclotron resonance ion source can realize multi-frequency microwave feeding and improve the uniformity of plasma.

The invention discloses a method for simulating phosphorus and chromium migration during farmland irrigation with acid mine wastewater, which comprises the following steps: mixing a plant-derived organic material with deionized water to obtain a soluble organic matter; h2O2 oxidizes Fe < 2 + > to prepare pure Schwertmannite, and the pure Schwertmannite is placed in a phosphate solution to obtain phosphorus-loaded Schwertmannite; mixing the phosphorus-loaded Schwertmannite and the soluble organic matter with a chromate solution, carrying out oscillation adsorption, carrying out solid-liquid separation after adsorption, carrying out CrO and POconcentration change test on filtrate, and carrying out mineral characterization on separated solids; a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum is adopted to track composition conversion of the soluble organic matter in the reaction process; and analyzing the component change of the supernate before and after the reaction by adopting Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The influence mechanism of DOM on phosphorus and chromium fate in mineral / water interface molecular fractionation is disclosed from the molecular level, and a scientific basis is provided for collaborative migration risk assessment of phosphorus and heavy metal in acid mine wastewater irrigation area farmland.

The invention relates to an accelerator mass spectrometer system based on positive and negative double ion sources, and the system comprises a double ion source subsystem which comprises a solid sample introduction negative ion source, a gas sample introduction positive ion source, a reversible electrostatic analyzer, and a high-voltage rack. The gas sample injection positive ion source is an electron cyclotron resonance ionization source and can generate 1 +, 2 +, 3 + and full-stripping-state positive ion beams; according to the invention, the dual-ion source subsystem is arranged, the solid sample introduction negative ion source and the gas sample introduction positive ion source are respectively adopted, the measurement requirements of positive ions and negative ions in the same accelerator mass spectrometer system are met, the gas sample introduction positive ion source adopts an electron cyclotron resonance ionization source, positive ion beams in various charge states can be generated, and the measurement accuracy is improved. Covering nuclides from hydrogen to over uranium; the solid sample injection negative ion source adopts a sputtering negative ion source, meets the generation of various negative ion beams, is suitable for measuring long-life isotopes, and realizes quick switching of the two ion sources by arranging a reversible electrostatic analyzer.

The invention discloses a real-time control method of electron cyclotron resonance heating power based on model predictive control, and relates to the technical field of electron cyclotron resonance heating control. The method comprises the following steps: a segmented modeling step: dividing the working range of the electron cyclotron resonance heating system into a plurality of power intervals according to output power, and establishing a linear system dynamic model for describing the dynamic characteristics of the system in each interval; and a real-time control cycle step: acquiring real-time output power and a state estimation value in each control period, and determining a currently used target model according to the real-time output power in combination with a hysteresis switching strategy, and based on the target model and a preset power reference trajectory, constructing a quadratic programming problem containing a target function for minimizing a power tracking error and a constraint condition, and solving to obtain an optimal control input and acting on the system. The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing control method is difficult to consider both the regulation speed and the multivariable constraint, realize the rapid and accurate control of the electron cyclotron resonance heating power, and improve the safety and stability of the operation of the system.

The present invention relates to a satellite propulsion device (10) employing electron cyclotron resonance and magnetic nozzles, the propulsion device extending at least partially along a longitudinal axis (X) and comprising an outer conductor (22) extending longitudinally along said axis and an ionization chamber (8), the outer conductor laterally bounding the ionization chamber and the ionization chamber including a circular lateral opening (24) having a diameter D, and further comprising a screen (6) arranged coaxially with the longitudinal axis (X), the screen (6) having a ratio of its maximum lateral dimension D' to D between 3 and 15 and including a portion made of insulating material (61) and / or a portion made of conductive material (62).

The invention discloses a surface water characteristic soluble organic matter molecule and reaction identification method and device, and relates to the field of environmental monitoring, the method comprises the following steps: collecting a surface water body sample of a target area, and carrying out solid phase extraction to obtain a soluble organic matter sample; carrying out determination and mass spectrometry on the dissolved organic matter sample by adopting a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer to obtain a dissolved organic matter molecular formula of the target area; spearman correlation analysis is carried out on the key hydrological parameters and the molecular formula of the soluble organic matter of the target area to obtain characteristic soluble organic matter molecules under the influence of the key hydrological parameters; and analyzing the chemical reaction between the characteristic dissolvable organic matter molecules to obtain the chemical reaction path of the characteristic dissolvable organic matter molecules under the influence of the key hydrological parameters. According to the method, quantitative analysis of the molecular formula and the reaction path of the characteristic soluble organic matter is realized, and the influence of the key hydrological parameters on the specific soluble organic matter molecules and the chemical reaction can be identified.

The present invention relates to a satellite thruster (10) employing electron cyclotron resonance and a magnetic nozzle, the satellite thruster (10) extending at least partially along a longitudinal axis (X), the satellite thruster (10) comprising an outer conductor (22) and an ionization chamber (8) extending longitudinally along the axis, the outer conductor delimiting the ionization chamber in the transverse direction, the outer conductor (22) being arranged in the outer conductor (22), and the ionization chamber (8) being arranged in the outer conductor (22). The ionization chamber comprises a circular transverse aperture (24) having a diameter D, characterized in that the satellite thruster (10) further comprises shielding means (6) coaxial to the longitudinal axis (X), the shielding means (6) having a maximum transverse dimension D 'such that the ratio of D' divided by D is between 3 and 15, said shielding means (6) comprising a portion made of a dielectric material (61) and / or a portion made of an electrically conductive material (62).

This invention discloses a method for suppressing dielectric window breakdown under dual-frequency high-power microwaves, belonging to the field of high-power microwaves. The invention applies a deposition electric field E parallel to the dielectric window and simultaneously perpendicular to its surface on the vacuum side of the dielectric window. dc and high-power microwave electric field E rf The external magnetic field B satisfies the condition that the energy gained by electrons through cyclotron resonance is higher than the second crossover point of the secondary yield curve, thus lowering the upper and lower boundaries of the sensitivity curve. The lower upper boundary leads to the suppression of secondary electron multiplication; where Ω is the cyclotron frequency, and ω1 and ω2 represent the dual-frequency high-power microwave E. rf The angular frequencies of the two microwave components. Under a dual-frequency microwave electric field, when the applied magnetic field is parallel to the dielectric window and perpendicular to both E_dc and E_rf, the present invention can satisfy the upper boundary condition, achieving the effect of suppressing multiplication. Due to the mutual modulation of the applied magnetic field and the microwave electric field, as the field strength of the dual-frequency microwave electric field increases, the upper boundary of the sensitivity curve becomes relatively stable and lower, and multiplication is suppressed.

This invention produces a high-quality N-polar gallium nitride layer at a low temperature. Provided is a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device, including a step for forming an N-polar gallium nitride layer. The N-polar gallium nitride layer is formed by a deposition apparatus using plasma generated using an electron cyclotron resonance phenomenon.

The invention discloses a 500kW ion cyclotron resonance heating system, which comprises a low-level FPA controller based on an FPGA, an electron tube anode power supply, and a low-level radio frequency source, a 20kW solid-state radio frequency power amplifier, a 500kW electron tube final amplifier, a 500kW directional coupler, a coaxial change-over switch, a three-branch impedance matcher and a strip-shaped coupling heating antenna which are connected in sequence, the low-level radio frequency source is connected with the low-level FPA controller based on the FPGA, the low-level FPA controller controls the low-level radio frequency source to output a low-level radio frequency signal, the anode power supply of the electron tube adopts energy storage discharge, so that high voltage is provided for the 500kW electron tube final amplifier, and the three-branch impedance matcher performs impedance matching adjustment through an adjustable capacitor branch. The functions of efficient power supply and efficient heating are achieved, and the application performance of power transmission efficiency, heating efficiency and stability of the system in the fusion ion cyclotron resonance heating technology is remarkably improved.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a microwave plasma gun and an ion implanter, and the microwave plasma gun comprises a plasma chamber; the plasma chamber is used for accommodating microwaves and gas, and an electron cyclotron resonance area is formed in the plasma chamber; at least one electron escape hole is formed in the side wall of the plasma chamber; in the axial direction of the electron escape holes, the positions of the electron escape holes coaxially correspond to the positions of the electron cyclotron resonance areas, and in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction, the total sectional area of the electron escape holes is smaller than the sectional area of the electron cyclotron resonance areas. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the leakage degree of gas in the plasma chamber can be reduced, and the working performance of the microwave plasma gun is improved.

This application belongs to the field of environmental analytical chemistry and environmental geochemistry, and specifically discloses a molecular formula matching method for Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, including: calculating all possible candidate molecular formulas based on the mass spectrometric information of dissolved organic matter samples determined by FT-ICR MS; identifying double-charged molecular formulas based on the double-charge recognition rule; and based on... 18 O-marking validation rules, filtering out initially valid entries containing... 18 O candidate molecular formula; based on 13 C / 12 C 34 S / 32 S and 15 N / 14 The isotopic patterns of N were used to eliminate false positive molecular formulas; the optimal molecular formula for each mass spectral peak was determined from the remaining candidate molecular formulas, and the optimal formula was determined based on the double charge recognition rule and... 18 O-labeling verification rules, for double-charged molecular formulas and those containing O-labeling in the optimal molecular formula. 18 The molecular formula of O was re-verified. This application enables the verification of molecules containing O. 18 The high accuracy of matching between O-labeled molecules and double-charged molecules improves the accuracy of molecular formula matching.

The invention relates to a method for hardening an anti-reflective treatment layer (20) deposited on a transparent substrate comprising a top surface (22a) and a bottom surface (22b) extending away from the top surface (22a), the anti-reflection treatment (20) comprises the step of depositing at least one anti-reflection layer composed of at least one material on at least one of the top surface (22a) and the bottom surface (22b) of the transparent substrate, the hardening method comprises the step of bombarding the at least one top surface (22a) or bottom surface (22b) on which the at least one anti-reflection layer has been deposited with a single-charge and / or multi-charge ion beam (14) generated by a single-charge and / or multi-charge electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source (1). The invention also relates to a transparent substrate that has undergone an anti-reflection treatment, at least one of the top surface (22a) and the bottom surface (22b) of the transparent substrate being coated with at least one anti-reflection layer consisting of at least one material in which ions are implanted.

The invention discloses an annular waveguide electron cyclotron resonance plasma chemical vapor deposition device, and belongs to the field of microwave plasma method chemical vapor deposition. The device comprises a microwave power supply, a rectangular waveguide, a three-pin tuner, a short-circuit piston, an annular waveguide, an annular quartz window, a tungsten bias electrode, a cylindrical microwave resonant cavity, a temperature measurement observation window, an air inlet, an air outlet, a liftable substrate table tuning structure and a magnetic field system. The annular waveguide is combined with the cylindrical microwave resonant cavity, so that the axial symmetrical distribution of microwave energy can be realized, and the uniformity of the plasma is improved. The magnetic field system adopts double-layer magnetic field regulation and control, and the integral magnetic field and the plasma uniformity are optimized by independently adjusting the magnetic induction intensity. The pulsed bias power supply provides bias voltage for the substrate, and uniformity of the diamond in nucleation and growth on the heterogeneous substrate is promoted. The device is mainly used for preparing large-size heteroepitaxial single crystal diamond and polycrystalline diamond films, and high-quality uniform deposition of large-area diamond single crystal or polycrystalline films can be realized.

The invention discloses a method for inhibiting dielectric window breakdown under double-frequency high-power microwaves, and belongs to the field of high-power microwaves. An external magnetic field B parallel to the dielectric window and perpendicular to a deposition electric field Edc and a high-power microwave electric field Erf on the surface of the dielectric window at the same time is applied to the vacuum side of the dielectric window, the magnetic field meets # imgabs0 #, so that energy obtained by electrons through cyclotron resonance is higher than a second cross point of a secondary yield curve, upper and lower boundaries of a sensitive curve are reduced, and the sensitivity is improved. Secondary electron multiplication is suppressed due to a lower upper boundary; wherein Omega is rotation frequency, and Omega 1 and Omega 2 respectively represent angular frequencies of two microwave components of the double-frequency high-power microwave Erf. Under the double-frequency microwave electric field, when the external magnetic field is parallel to the dielectric window and is perpendicular to the Edc and the Erf at the same time, the condition of being higher than the upper boundary can be met, the multiplication restraining effect is achieved, due to mutual modulation of the external magnetic field and the microwave electric field, along with rising of the field intensity of the double-frequency microwave electric field, the upper boundary of a sensitive curve is relatively stable and low, and multiplication is restrained.

This invention discloses a control method for an ion cyclotron resonance heating system, belonging to the field of radio frequency heating control technology. This invention trains a coupling impedance prediction model using ICRH system operating parameters and plasma parameters, and outputs future coupling impedance prediction results during ICRH system operation to characterize the changing trend of the coupling state between the ICRH system and the plasma. During ICRH system operation, the signals required for the coupling impedance prediction model are acquired in real time to predict the matching state of the ICRH system. When the prediction results indicate a potential mismatch in the future coupling impedance, the impedance matching module in the ICRH system is preemptively adjusted to ensure that the ICRH system is always in an optimal matching state. This solves the technical problems of adjustment lag and transient mismatch inherent in existing technologies.

This invention discloses a real-time control method for electron cyclotron resonance heating power based on model predictive control, belonging to the field of electron cyclotron resonance heating control technology. The method includes a piecewise modeling step, dividing the operating range of the electron cyclotron resonance heating system into multiple power intervals according to the output power, and establishing a linear system dynamic model describing the dynamic characteristics of the system within each interval; and a real-time control loop step, acquiring the real-time output power and state estimate in each control cycle, determining the target model to be used based on the real-time output power and a hysteresis switching strategy, constructing a quadratic programming problem based on the target model and a preset power reference trajectory, including an objective function and constraints that minimize the power tracking error, solving for the optimal control input and applying it to the system. This invention aims to solve the problem that existing control methods struggle to simultaneously consider adjustment speed and multivariable constraints, achieving rapid and accurate control of electron cyclotron resonance heating power, and improving the safety and stability of system operation.

The application provides a microwave electron gun, a method for generating an electron cyclotron resonance region and an ion implanter, wherein the microwave electron gun comprises: a plasma chamber; the plasma chamber has a first end and a second end; the first end is used for passing in microwaves; the second end is used for passing in gas; an escape region is arranged on the sidewall of the plasma chamber, and the particle escape efficiency of the escape region gradually decreases from the first end to the second end, wherein the particles include electrons and / or gas molecules / atoms. The microwave electron gun provided by the technical scheme reduces the leakage degree of the gas in the plasma chamber and improves the working performance of the microwave electron gun.

An electron cyclotron resonance ion source disclosed by the present invention comprises a plurality of microwave transmission modules, a plurality of microwave resonant cavities, a plasma generation chamber and a magnetic field module, each microwave transmission module comprises a microwave source, an impedance matcher and a waveguide, the microwave sources are used for generating and emitting microwaves, the frequencies of the microwaves generated by the plurality of microwave sources are the same or different, inlets of the waveguides are connected with the microwave source, outlets of the waveguides are connected with the microwave resonant cavities, each waveguide is correspondingly connected with one microwave resonant cavity, the impedance matchers are used for adjusting the frequency and standing waves of microwaves and achieving impedance matching of microwave feed-in, and an inlet of the plasma generation chamber is connected with outlets of the microwave resonant cavities. Free electrons are formed at the boundaries of the plasma generation chamber and the microwave resonant cavities, and the magnetic field module is used for generating a magnetic field, so that the free electrons do spiral motion in the plasma generation chamber and collide with background gas introduced into the plasma generation chamber to generate plasma. Multi-frequency microwave feed-in can be realized, and the uniformity of plasmas is improved.

The invention discloses a laser ablation ionization source Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer for gas phase ion molecule reaction. The mass spectrometer comprises a laser ablation ion source module, a single focusing lens module, a Fourier ion cyclotron resonance module, a reaction gas molecule sample introduction module and a reverse ion excitation system module which are connected in sequence. According to the mass spectrometer, the switchable laser stripping ion source can provide ions in different energy states, the ion molecule reaction module provides target reactant molecules, and the ion cyclotron resonance reaction tank can analyze mass-to-charge ratio information and concentration information while providing an ion molecule reaction place. The comprehensive analysis with high sensitivity, high flux and high resolution is realized, the comprehensive analysis of ion molecule reaction is assisted, and a brand new tool is provided for increasing analysis requirements.

A high - magnetic - field and high - homogeneity superconducting magnet system for nuclear magnetic resonance, belonging to the technical field of nuclear magnetic resonance, solves the problem of how to design a superconducting magnet system with high magnetic field strength and high homogeneity; in the magnet of the present invention, the high - field region inside uses a coil made of niobium - tin superconducting wire, and the low - field region outside uses a coil made of niobium - titanium superconducting wire; the main coils work in series and operate at liquid helium temperature, and can generate an effective central magnetic field strength of 18.8 T; the designed homogeneity of the central magnetic field can be better than 0.01 ppm within a 1 - cm - diameter spherical range; the main magnetic field coils can shield more than 90% of the external electromagnetic interference; the shielding coils can effectively control the size of the stray field of the magnet system, and the 5 - Gs - line stray field can be limited within an ellipsoid with a radial dimension of 1.5 m and an axial dimension of 2.5 m respectively; the present invention is applicable to scenarios such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers, animal imaging, and Fourier - transform ion cyclotron resonance.

The invention provides an ion source magnetic shielding device for an argon ion beam scanning electron microscope, the magnetic shielding device comprises multiple layers of magnetic shielding structures and multiple isolation elements, the multiple layers of magnetic shielding structures are spaced and coaxial through the isolation elements, and the multiple layers of magnetic shielding structures are installed on the outer side of an ion source to isolate a magnetic field generated by an ion source permanent magnet. And interference on electron beam imaging is prevented. The device can effectively isolate a magnetic field generated by a permanent magnet of an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source, prevents the ECR ion source from interfering with electron beam imaging, ensures the imaging performance of equipment, is simple and compact in structure, low in cost, easy to install and maintain and excellent in magnetic shielding performance, realizes an extremely low magnetic field level, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. The magnetic field intensity is lower than 50nT, and the method has a good application prospect.

With the present disclosure, surface alteration of a gallium nitride layer is suppressed even when activation annealing is performed. The present disclosure involves a step for forming a cap film on a gallium nitride layer, wherein the cap film is formed by a film formation device that uses plasma generated utilizing an electron cyclotron resonance phenomenon.

The application discloses a new method for high-throughput detection of metabolites based on direct injection high-resolution mass spectrometry, and relates to the fields of detection of small molecule metabolites and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The application is based on direct injection high-resolution mass spectrometry technology, and first, a high-coverage and high-quality-accuracy serum metabolite molecular formula database is constructed by using direct injection Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry; second, according to the distribution of the number of molecular formulas in different mass-to-charge ratio ranges in the self-built database, a high-throughput metabolome detection method based on direct injection nanoliter spray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry is established; finally, non-targeted metabolite data obtained by the high-throughput detection method is searched in the self-built database, and high-throughput molecular annotation of metabolites is realized. The application adopts a two-step acquisition strategy, takes a high-reliability and high-coverage metabolome molecular library as a bridge, and takes into account the detection throughput, coverage and reliability. The method has higher reliability, wider metabolome coverage range and is suitable for large-scale metabolome data analysis.

The present application relates to a kind of electron cyclotron resonance ion source generation pulse multi-ion species beam method and system, it includes plasma discharge chamber, for generating and restricting plasma;Electron cyclotron resonance ion source magnet is arranged outside ion source cavity;Microwave source is arranged in the injection end of ion source cavity, the microwave power generated is transmitted to plasma discharge chamber, and the gas atom molecule existing in the inside of plasma discharge chamber is ionized, generates the required plasma;Pulsed gas feed-in system is arranged in the injection end of ion source cavity, for single gas or multiple gas is fed into ion source cavity, realizes the accurate feed of the gas required by ion source;Ion source cold electron gun is arranged in the injection end of ion source cavity, for preventing the escape of electron in plasma in axial direction and providing additional cold secondary electron injection, to adjust ion beam extraction flow intensity;Ion source extraction component is arranged in the extraction end of ion source cavity, for extracting ion beam flow.The present application can be applied in the field of ion accelerator.

The present application relates to the technical field of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion, and discloses an electron cyclotron resonance heating system transmission state monitoring device and method, wherein the transmission state monitoring device comprises a waveguide switching switch, a microwave full-absorption water load, a directional coupler, a power measuring device and a detector, wherein the microwave full-absorption water load is used for calibrating the directional coupler, and the microwave power passing through the corresponding transmission waveguide can be obtained through the detector integrated on the directional coupler; the transmission efficiency of different transmission sections and the whole transmission system can be obtained through the microwave power measured at different positions of the transmission waveguide; the power measuring device is arranged at a target position, and the transmission efficiency of the whole transmission system can be obtained through the proportion of the target position absorption power and the passing power; and the final transmission efficiency of the transmission system is determined through mutual checking. The present application can obtain the transmission efficiency of the transmission system on line, monitor the transmission state of different transmission sections on line and accurately determine the fault occurrence point.

The invention provides a soil preferential flow zone simulation research device and method, namely, a water-soluble material polyvinyl alcohol pipeline is manufactured through 3D printing, the water-soluble material polyvinyl alcohol pipeline is buried into soil after being filled with quartz stones with different sizes, then polyvinyl alcohol is slowly washed and dissolved with water, and finally pores for simulating a soil preferential flow zone are formed; the device consists of an optical fiber oxygen meter control end, an optical fiber oxygen meter probe, a crotch-shaped pore, an inverted L-shaped pore, a cylindrical pore, an S-shaped pore, a water outlet, soil and organic glass, after a soil sample is collected, parameters such as abundance of microorganisms and molecular characteristics of soluble organic matters in soil are analyzed and measured by virtue of technologies such as high-throughput sequencing and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. By comparing the parameters, the influence of different environmental conditions on microorganisms and soil organic matters in the soil preferential flow area is analyzed. The device is advanced, is convenient to operate, and is not limited by the external environment.