The invention provides an anti-hypoxia food, health-care product or pharmaceutical composition, and a preparation method and application thereof. The composition is a food, health-care product or pharmaceutical preparation prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-120 parts of rhizoma polygonati, 24-36 parts of ginseng, 16-24 parts of cordyceps militaris, 16-24 parts of spirulina maxima, 16-24 parts of chia seeds, 16-24 parts of fructus lycii, 16-24 parts of albumin peptide, 16-24 parts of oyster peptide, 16-24 parts of sea buckthorn, 12-18 parts of pollen pini and 0.1-1 part of vitamin C. The composition disclosed by the invention is reasonable in compatibility, and plays a synergistic effect on fatigue resistance and oxidation resistance; the composition can also be used for relieving altitude stress and preventing acute and chronic altitude hypoxia diseases; meanwhile, the raw materials used in the composition are safe and free of toxic and side effects; safe and efficient energy supply can be provided; the endurance capacity of an organism to an anoxic environment is enhanced; symptoms, such as an anoxic reaction of the organism, are effectively relieved; and the composition has a good application prospect.