40 results about "Ion concentration polarization" patented technology

The invention discloses a seawater desalination system and a seawater desalination method. The system includes a DC current source, a metal lead, electrodes, a plurality of microfluidic chips composed of a glass sheet and a PDMS chip, a liquid inlet pipe, an injection pump, and a fresh water outlet pipe, a concentrated seawater outlet pipe and two liquid conveying pipes that are connected to the microfluidic chips. The DC current source is in connection with the electrodes at all microchannel ports of the microfluidic chips through the metal lead. The fresh water outlet pipe and the concentrated seawater outlet pipe are respectively connected to a respective collecting groove. According to the method and the system provided by the invention, the ion concentration polarization phenomena occurs to impurity particles in seawater under the action of an electric field, and then under an outside pressure on seawater, the impurity particles and fresh water are separated. The system has the characteristics of low manufacturing cost and small volume, and can realize portability and other effects.

The invention provides an ion concentration polarization chip based on a graphene porous membrane and a preparation method of the ion concentration polarization chip and relates to ion concentration polarization chips. The ion concentration polarization chip comprises a glass base, PDMS substrates, a buffer solution water inlet / outlet and a graphene-based porous membrane in a first PDMS substrate, wherein the first PDMS substrate is provided with a Y-shaped groove, and a second PDMS substrate is provided with an I-shaped groove. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing graphene-based precursor slurry; producing a chip; and smearing a notch of a Y channel with the graphene-based precursor slurry, and curing, so as to obtain the ion concentration polarization chip. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that the process is simple, and the chip is low in cost and easy to prepare; graphene materials are weakly acidic and have low damage to devices; and the conductivity of the graphene materials is conveniently regulated and controlled, surface functional groups and electric charges are easily regulated and controlled, and the graphene materials can be composited with a large number of materials so as to prepare composite films and devices. Compared with a NaFion-base chip, a relatively stable and relatively large-range exhaustion region can be formed by the graphene-based chip.

Between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (AEMs or CEMs), an ion depletion zone (dde) and ion enrichment zone (den) are generated under an electric field. As cations are selectively transferred through the CEMs, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. The concentration drop (i.e. salt removal) is low and spatially gradual at relatively low voltage or current (i.e. Ohmic regime). However, at higher voltage or current (i.e. overlimiting regime), strong electroconvective vortex accelerates cation transport through CEMs, allowing us to “relocate” most salt ions. The flat depletion zone occurs with significantly low ion concentration, and corresponding strong electric field in the zone, and any charged agents (e.g. proteins and bacteria) cannot penetrate this flat zone. As a result, we can separate and collect the desalted / purified flow from brine flow by bifurcating the channel at the end of the CEMs. This ICP desalination / purification also happens with two anion exchange membranes (AEMs) by relocating cations, but the location of desalted / brine flows are converted.

Between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (AEMs or CEMs), an ion depletion zone and ion enrichment zone are generated under an electric field. As cations are selectively transferred through the CEMs, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. The use of a sacrificial metal anode allows electrocoagulation (EC) concurrently with ICP thereby permitting concentration of both ionic and non-ionic impurities to occur at the same time within the same cell or device.

The invention provides a parallel seawater desalination device based on ion concentration polarization effect. The parallel seawater desalination device comprises a main channel and a buffer solutionchamber, and the main channel includes a main channel inlet and a main channel outlet. An ion-selective block is disposed in the main channel, and the ion-selective block is prepared by a cation-selective permeable membrane that is only for passing cation through, and the ion-selective block has a plurality of parallel micro-channels inside the main channel along an axis direction. the buffer solution chamber is disposed on the outer wall of the main channel, and the buffer solution chamber is connected to the ion-selective block to allow the ions in the ion-selective block to enter the buffersolution chamber, and the buffer solution chamber is grounded. A power source that is connected to adjustable electrode potentials is provided at the main channel inlet and the main channel outlet, and the potential at the main channel inlet is greater than the potential at the main channel outlet. The device realizes parallelism to the microchannel by punching holes on the ion-selective block, and the number of holes has little influence on the desalination efficiency of the system, which is advantageous for industrial applications.

A water stream is passed between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (AEMs or CEMs), forming an ion depletion and ion enrichment zones when an electric field is applied. As cations are selectively transferred through the CEMs, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. Trifurcation of the output channel allows collection of concentrated, dilute and intermediate streams, with the intermediate stream serving as input to the next stage of a serialized implementation.

Exosomes carry microRNA biomarkers, occur in higher abundance in cancerous patients than in healthy ones, and because they are present in most biofluids, including blood and urine, can be obtained non-invasively. Standard laboratory techniques to isolate exosomes are expensive, time-consuming, provide poor purity, and recover on the order of 25% of the available exosomes. We present a new microfluidic technique to simultaneously isolate exosomes and preconcentrate them by electrophoresis using a high transverse local electric field generated by ion-depleting ion-selective membrane. We use pressure-driven flow to deliver an exosome sample to a microfluidic chip such that the transverse electric field forces them out of the cross flow and into an agarose gel which filters out unwanted cellular debris while the ion-selective membrane concentrates the exosomes through an enrichment effect. We efficiently isolated exosomes from 1×PBS buffer, cell culture media and blood serum. Using flow rates from 150 μL / hr to 200 μL / hr and field strengths of 100 V / cm, we consistently captured between 60% to 80% of exosomes from buffer, cell culture media, and blood serum as confirmed by both fluorescence spectroscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Our microfluidic chip maintained this recovery rate for more than twenty minutes with a concentration factor of 15 for ten minutes of isolation.

The invention provides a gathering device based on an ion concentration polarization technology. The gathering device comprises a substrate, a micro-channel sealing layer, an ion exchanging membrane and a plurality of electrodes, wherein the substrate comprises a gathering channel, a buffer channel and an ion exchanging membrane fixing groove, the gathering channel comprises an inlet, an inflow section, an outlet and an outflow section, and the buffer channel comprises an inlet, an inflow section, an outlet and an outflow section; the ion exchanging member fixing groove is arranged between the gathering channel and the buffer channel; the micro-channel sealing layer is arranged above the substrate and used for sealing the channels; the micro-channel sealing layer is provided with an ion exchanging membrane permeation groove; the ion exchanging membrane is arranged in the ion exchanging membrane permeation groove and the ion exchanging membrane fixing groove; and the plurality of electrodes are respectively arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the gathering channel and the inlet and the outlet of the buffer channel. The invention also provides a preparation method of the gathering device based on the ion concentration polarization technology. The gathering device based on the ion concentration polarization technology and the preparation method of the gathering device realizes the gathering of different samples with charges, are simple in structure, less in sample consumption, easy in automation implementation, simple and rapid in process, and free from needing an ultra-clean chamber environment.

Between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (AEMs or CEMs), an ion depletion zone and ion enrichment zone are generated under an electric field. As cations are selectively transferred through the CEMs, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. The use of a sacrificial metal anode allows electrocoagulation (EC) concurrently with ICP thereby permitting concentration of both ionic and non-ionic impurities to occur at the same time within the same cell or device.

Ion Concentration Polarization (ICP) purification devices and methods for building massively-parallel implementations of the same, said devices being suitable for separation of salts, heavy metals and biological contaminants from source water.

The invention provides a parallel seawater desalination device based on ion concentration polarization effect, which includes a main channel and a buffer solution chamber, and the main channel includes a main channel inlet and a main channel outlet. An ion-selective block is arranged in the main channel, and the ion-selective block is made of a cation-selective permeable membrane that only allows cations to pass through. Several parallel micron channels are opened inside the ion-selective block along the axial direction of the main channel. A buffer solution chamber is provided on the outer wall of the main channel, the buffer solution chamber is connected with the ion selective block and allows ions in the ion selective block to enter the buffer solution chamber, and the buffer solution chamber is grounded. Both the entrance of the main passage and the exit of the main passage are connected to a power supply that can adjust the electrode potential, and the potential at the entrance of the main passage is greater than that at the exit of the main passage. The device realizes parallel microchannels by punching holes on the ion selective block, and the number of holes has almost no influence on the desalination efficiency of the system, which is beneficial to industrial application.

The invention belongs to the field of salt lake lithium-extraction equipment, and particularly relates to an ion concentration polarization effect based salt lake lithium-extraction device. The ion concentration polarization effect based salt lake lithium-extraction device comprises a main channel, wherein a first buffer solution tube, a brine tube for introducing an extracting stock solution intothe main channel, a lithium-rich solution cavity tube and a second buffer solution tube are sequentially arranged on the main channel; the two ends of the main channel are separately equipped with afirst outlet and a second outlet; and a first negative ion selective block with a plurality of channels and a second negative ion selective block with a plurality of channels are arranged inside the main channel. Locally reinforced electric fields, caused by ion concentration polarization effect, in the channel are utilized to realize lithium iron enrichment and lithium-magnesium separation; and the solution is driven to flow through pressure intensity at the inlet and outlets, and a lithium solution with high concentration is collected by an opening in a pipeline. For different direct parallel layout of micron-level channels, a great number of micron-level channels are processed on an ion selecting material, so that large-scale parallel layout of the micro channels is realized.

The invention provides an ion concentration polarization chip based on a graphene porous membrane and a preparation method of the ion concentration polarization chip and relates to ion concentration polarization chips. The ion concentration polarization chip comprises a glass base, PDMS substrates, a buffer solution water inlet / outlet and a graphene-based porous membrane in a first PDMS substrate, wherein the first PDMS substrate is provided with a Y-shaped groove, and a second PDMS substrate is provided with an I-shaped groove. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing graphene-based precursor slurry; producing a chip; and smearing a notch of a Y channel with the graphene-based precursor slurry, and curing, so as to obtain the ion concentration polarization chip. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that the process is simple, and the chip is low in cost and easy to prepare; graphene materials are weakly acidic and have low damage to devices; and the conductivity of the graphene materials is conveniently regulated and controlled, surface functional groups and electric charges are easily regulated and controlled, and the graphene materials can be composited with a large number of materials so as to prepare composite films and devices. Compared with a NaFion-base chip, a relatively stable and relatively large-range exhaustion region can be formed by the graphene-based chip.

Between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (AEMs or CEMs), an ion depletion zone (dde) and ion enrichment zone (den) are generated under an electric field. As cations are selectively transferred through the CEMs, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. The concentration drop (i.e. salt removal) is low and spatially gradual at relatively low voltage or current (i.e. Ohmic regime). However, at higher voltage or current (i.e. overlimiting regime), strong electroconvective vortex accelerates cation transport through CEMs, allowing us to “relocate” most salt ions. The flat depletion zone occurs with significantly low ion concentration, and corresponding strong electric field in the zone, and any charged agents (e.g. proteins and bacteria) cannot penetrate this flat zone. As a result, we can separate and collect the desalted / purified flow from brine flow by bifurcating the channel at the end of the CEMs. This ICP desalination / purification also happens with two anion exchange membranes (AEMs) by relocating cations, but the location of desalted / brine flows are converted.

The invention provides an ICP-based lateral-flow chromatographic strip for immunodetection. The ICP-based lateral-flow chromatographic strip comprises a Nafion permselective membrane, a label pad, a test line, a control line and water-absorbing pads. In detection, the water-absorbing pads located at the two ends of the strip are wetted; then a to-be-detected sample is added to a sample introduction point on the strip; and a negative electrode is applied to the upper stream of the Nafion permselective membrane of the strip, and a positive electrode is applied to the other end of the strip. Under the action of an electric field, the to-be-detected sample moves towards the positive electrode and gathers due to ICP effect and is eventually captured by the test line. After completion of energization, a dry water-absorbing pad is allowed to contact with the part, located at the lower stream of the control line, of the strip, and the label pad is allowed to contact with the strip at the same time; a buffer solution is used for flushing the label pad; under chromatographic action, a labeled substance is separately bonded with the sample on the test line and with the control line; and thus, immunodetection is accomplished. According to the invention, the to-be-detected sample on the strip is enriched and directionally driven via the ICP effect under the action of the electric field and are captured by the test line, so detection sensitivity is improved.

The invention discloses a double-membrane-chamber membrane capacitance desalination device with continuous water production capacity. According to of the structure of the device, a double-membrane-chamber membrane capacitance assembly is provided with two membrane chambers, graphite electrodes, an activated carbon fiber cloth, a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane and the like. Araw water tank is connected with a water inlet pump, an outlet of the water inlet pump is connected with the two membrane chambers of the double-membrane-chamber membrane capacitance assembly separately, and treated water enters a water outlet converter to be divided into purified water and concentrated water. The water outlet converter is provided with two water outlets, and the purified water isdischarged from the fresh water outlet; the concentrated water is discharged from the concentrated water outlet and returns to the raw water tank. The water outlet converter is provided with a signalline connected with a time relay, a time signal is transmitted to an electrode transfer device, and the electrode transfer device controls the conversion of positive and negative polarities of the two graphite electrodes. The system combines an ion concentration polarization technology with a membrane capacitance desalination technology, the desalination process of the fresh water chamber and theregeneration process of the concentrated water chamber can be synchronously achieved, and then continuous water outflow can be achieved. Electric energy released in the regeneration process of the concentrated water chamber can be recycled in situ, and the energy-saving purpose is effectively achieved.

Scalable, high throughput and power-efficient electromechanical lysis using low electric potential, which can be used for harvesting valuable intracellular biomolecules (DNA, RNA, and proteins) and metabolites (e.g., biodiesels, bioplastics, antibiotics, and antibodies), and for sterilizing large volume solutions (e.g. disinfection of bacterial contaminated drinking water). The method can be directly integrated with other microfluidic devices for all-in-one, fully integrated total-analysis systems for various bacterial (and cellular) studies and clinical applications.

Described are methods for detecting and quantifying biomolecules such as polynucleotides or polypeptides in an electrophoresis matrix using ion concentration polarization and nanoparticle aggregation.

A portable device for removal of metabolic waste from the blood of patient having kidney disease or in need of hemodialysis is provided. Methods of hemodialysis employing the portable device beneficially obtain a dialysate by electrokinetic means from excess fluid in the peripheral blood of the patient in need thereof. The methods employ a branched microfluidic channel for the use of ion concentration polarization to separate charged from neutral species in blood to obtain the dialysate for undergoing hemodialysis. Beneficially the methods and device are resistant to biofouling, remove the need for a dialysate and / or dialysate reservoir, and provide a disposable, wearable device.

The present invention provides return flow ICP and ED systems and methods that can be used for water desalination and / or concentration of a wide range of target brine and other aqueous and contaminated streams.

The invention relates to a 3D sea water desalination chip device based on an ion concentration polarization principle. The 3D sea water desalination chip device comprises a base adopting 3D printing and a shell adopting 3D printing, a convexly formed buffer solution channel is formed in the base, and a micro-nano membrane channel, a desalted water channel, a concentrated saline water channel and a water outlet are also formed in the base; after the shell and the base are combined, a saline water channel is formed. After a 3D printing material is adopted for combination, fit is tight, no seam is formed, and leakproofness is extremely good; the base and the shell are clamped, connected and fixed by virtue of a 3D printing surrounding edge, the fixed position is accurate, glue or a nail does not need to be used, the integrity can be guaranteed, and the device can not be destroyed by the glue or nail; the manufacturing cost is low, and the device has mass production potency and is recyclable; the device is supported by 3D printing, so that the precision of the dimensions and shape of the device is not limited by familiarity degree of skills of workers, and the obtained finished product has relatively good dimensions and precision; the ion concentration polarization principle is utilized for carrying out sea water desalination, the energy consumption is low, the desalination efficiency is high, and no harm is done to the environment.

High-throughput microfluidic devices comprising one or more fluidic microchannels each with at least one flow-through 3D structure comprising a 3D electrode, or alternatively a 3D permselective structure, and optional secondary bead bed(s) are disclosed. Such devices can be used for counter-flow focusing of charged species via ion concentration polarization and in situ quantification of electrokinetically enriched charged species from an ionically conductive solution by both optical and electrical detection.

The invention belongs to the field of lithium extraction equipment in salt lakes, and specifically relates to a lithium extraction device in salt lakes based on ion concentration polarization effect, which includes a main channel, on which first buffer pipes are sequentially arranged for feeding into the main channel. The brine tube for extracting the original solution, the lithium-rich solution cavity tube, and the second buffer tube. The two ends of the main channel are respectively provided with a first outlet and a second outlet. The inside of the main channel is provided with a first anion selective block with several channels. and a second anion selective block. The invention utilizes the locally enhanced electric field in the channel caused by the ion concentration polarization effect to realize lithium ion enrichment and lithium-magnesium separation, the solution flow is driven by the pressure at the inlet and outlet, and high-concentration lithium is collected through the openings on the pipeline solution. Different from the direct parallelization of micro-channels, this device realizes the large-scale parallelism of micro-channels by processing a large number of micro-scale channels on ion-selective materials.

Microfluidic devices and methods that utilize ion concentration polarization within water-in-oil nanoliter scale droplets for concentration enrichment, separation, and substitution of charges species are disclosed. Such devices and methods can be used for separation of multiple species by mobility of each species and for the alteration and manipulation of the droplet composition by ion exchange.

Described are methods for detecting and quantifying biomolecules such as polynucleotides or polypeptides in an electrophoresis matrix using ion concentration polarization and nanoparticle aggregation.

The invention relates to a device and method for electroadsorption and removal of fluorine and chloride ions from solution. The device includes an intermediate electrode, which is characterized in that the intermediate electrode is made of adsorption material, and the adsorption material is composed of activated carbon and zeolite in a ratio of 1: (1-5). The method uses the above-mentioned intermediate electrode. The device and method provided by the present invention can form local solution ion concentration polarization through the action of solution disturbance and electrostatic field force, and the electrostatic force of the anode can strengthen the non-specific adsorption and characteristic adsorption of the electric double layer, as well as the exchange of the intermediate electrode The reaction promotes the adsorption of fluorine and chlorine, thus producing the effect of "electro-stimulation", which increases the adsorption capacity of fluorine and chlorine ions in the anode area per unit mass in the system, and the fluorine removal rate is ≥ 90%, and the chlorine removal rate is ≥ 60%, while Zinc ions in solution are not affected. The process is convenient to operate, the process is short, the selective removal effect of fluorine and chlorine is good, and it is easy to meet the requirements of industrial application.

The invention discloses a salt lake lithium extraction device based on the ion concentration difference polarization effect. The device comprises a main channel, a lithium sodium solution cavity and abuffer liquid cavity; an ion selective block is arranged in the middle of the main channel, one or multiple parallel micron channels are formed in the ion selective block in the pipeline direction, the ion selective block is made of a cathode selective permeable membrane material, the cathode selective permeable membrane material has electrical conductivity and only allows negative ions to pass through, however, positive ions and water cannot pass through. The difference of electrophoretic mobility of different positive ions is used for enriching lithium ions on the position closest to the position nearby the ion selective cylindrical block, then, sodions and magnesium ions are selected, and potassium ions are not enriched in the channels. Therefore, micron holes are punched in the frontchannel wall close to the ion selective cylindrical block, enriched lithium ions are drained to the lithium sodium solution cavity, and are guided out to a finished product lithium sodium solution pond from a lithium sodium solution outlet. The characteristic that the concentration of the sodions is obviously larger than the magnesium ions and lithium ions, and the enriching area of the sodions isbetween magnesium and lithium, sufficient separation of the magnesium ions and the lithium ions is achieved.

The invention discloses a lithium ion extraction device based on the ion concentration polarization effect and an extraction method thereof. A horizontal barrier block, a lumen for extracting lithium-rich solution into the main channel, the two ends of the main channel are provided with an inlet and an outlet for the solution to flow in and out of the main channel, a buffer solution chamber is arranged outside the main channel, the main channel and the buffer solution chamber connected by an anion permselective membrane. The patent of the present invention utilizes the difference in electrophoretic mobility of different cations to change the local water flow velocity and local electric field strength by controlling the pressure at the entrance and adjusting the height of the longitudinal and transverse barrier blocks in the main channel, so as to realize the extraction of lithium in the cavity area. Ion enrichment and extraction. The invention provides a stable and efficient method for separating and extracting lithium ions, which can be flexibly used in the industry of extracting lithium from salt lakes.

A water stream is passed between two juxtaposed similar ion exchange membranes (AEMs or CEMs), forming an ion depletion and ion enrichment zones when an electric field is applied. As cations are selectively transferred through the CEMs, for example, anions are relocated in order to achieve electro-neutrality, resulting in the concentration drop (increase) in ion depletion (enrichment) zone. Trifurcation of the output channel allows collection of concentrated, dilute and intermediate streams, with the intermediate stream serving as input to the next stage of a serialized implementation.