74 results about "Concentration factor" patented technology

Mechanical sun trackers which have optical systems on their surface for concentrating direct solar radiation and its subsequent conversion into electricity through thermal or photovoltaic processes require precision solar tracking, which has to be all the more precise the greater the concentration factor used. Thus the precision required in these systems is generally less than a degree, and frequently of the order of a tenth of a degree. In view of the large dimensions of the surfaces, or apertures, of these trackers, currently in the approximate range of 20-250 m2, the difficulty of aligning these with the sun with such accuracy will be obvious. To achieve this objective a solar tracker must comply with strict rigidity specifications and its transmission must provide high resolution when positioning. In addition to this, equipment which is capable of controlling solar tracking with the specified precision at all times is required.

A spiral inertial filtration device is capable of high-throughput (1 mL / min), high-purity particle separation while concentrating recovered target particles by more than an order of magnitude. Large fractions of sample fluid are removed from a microchannel without disruption of concentrated particle streams by taking advantage of particle focusing in inertial spiral microfluidics, which is achieved by balancing inertial lift forces and Dean drag forces. To enable the calculation of channel geometries in the device for specific concentration factors, an equivalent circuit model was developed and experimentally validated. Large particle concentration factors were achieved by maintaining either average fluid velocity or Dean number throughout the entire length of the channel during the incremental removal of sample fluid. Also provided is the ability to simultaneously separate more than one particle from the same sample.

The invention discloses a production method and a device of casein and whey protein, in particular to a method and a device for producing casein and whey protein by adopting a ceramic membrane microfiltration system to separate milk. The method comprises the following steps of: pre-filtering milk; then, raising the temperature for centrifugalizing cream to obtain skim milk; pasteurizing and cooling the skim milk and entering the ceramic membrane microfiltration system; and selecting different concentration factors according to product brands, enriching trapped fluid to form casein and enriching permeate liquid to form whey protein. The separation method of the invention has the advantages of simple operation, continuous production and convenient cleaning; and the obtained casein can be directly compounded with the cream for processing and producing cheese and providing a new path for the standardized process of cream for cheese. Meanwhile, the obtained ideal whey is sterile and fat-free, has uniform contents and easy control and simplifies the process for processing the whey into a whey product with a high added value.

The invention discloses integrated equipment and a method for automatically treating circulating cooling water and recycling sewage water. The integrated equipment comprises an on-line cooling water quality monitoring device, a cooling water treatment effect monitoring device, a medicament feeding device, a water use amount and drug use amount counting device, an advanced cooling water treatment and recycling device and an on-site control device. The integrated equipment can effectively monitor the water quality of the circulating cooling water on line and automatically add and adjust medicines according to an actual condition of the water quality so as to solve the problems that the cooling water is scaled, eroded and deposited and generates microorganisms and ensures that the water quality of the cooling water can meet a requirement for advanced treatment on the water quality of recycled water; furthermore, the use amount of chemical products for treating the cooling water is reduced by 30 percent; when the water quality concentration factor of the cooling water reaches the maximum value permitted by the national standard, the advanced treatment and recycling device is switched on; a reverse osmosis system matched with a special scale inhibitor is used for performing advanced treatment on sewage water, so that 50-60 percent of sewage water can be recycled; calcium ions and bicarbonate radicals which are discharged by the cooling water are actually increased to 2,300 ppm (which is metered by calcium carbonate).

The invention discloses an ant colony algorithm optimization method based on searching concentration degree and dynamic pheromone update, belonging to the artificial intelligence field. Compared withthe classical ant colony algorithm, this method has the following improvements: (1) according to the path found by the previous generation of ant colony, the search concentration factor is introducedinto the selection strategy, which can adjust the range of ant selection node adaptively; (2) In the global pheromone updating phase, the search time is shortened by changing the pheromone increment dynamically; (3) the pheromone rollback mechanism is used to jump out of the local extremum when the optimal solution is not improved after many iterations. Through the above improvements, the invention obviously improves the global searching ability and the running efficiency compared with the basic ant colony algorithm.

The invention provides a high-speed railway rail corrugation dynamic detection method and device, and relates to the technical field of high-speed railway data detection. The method includes the following steps: obtaining the measured axle box acceleration of a high-speed railway vehicle; identifying and filtering rail welded joint signals according to an equidistant energy extremum method; determining the corrugation indexes corresponding to each acceleration signal; determining the power spectral density of acceleration signal sections which is corresponding to the corrugation indexes and larger than index threshold values; determining the energy concentration factors of the power spectral density; and determining whether rail positions corresponding to the acceleration signal sections exist rail corrugation according to the energy concentration factors. The detection of rail corrugation can be automatically performed by using the axle box acceleration.

A method for controlling fuel injection timing into a cylinder of an internal combustion engine having an internal control system based on ignition delay correlation wherein intake manifold pressure and oxygen concentration values are compared to steady state values of manifold pressure and oxygen concentration of a particular indicated torque set-point and engine speed. Comparing intake manifold pressure and oxygen concentration to steady state reference values further comprises experimentally determining exponential factors for intake manifold pressure factor and oxygen concentration factors. A multiplier for intake manifold pressure and oxygen concentration is determined taking into consideration the exponential factors for manifold pressure and oxygen concentration. An equation for correlation ignition delay is used to determine optional SOI timing.

The invention discloses a method for predicting fish bio-concentration factors of organic chemicals by the quantitative structure-activity relationship, and belongs to the field of ecological risk assessment and test strategies. According to the method, bio-concentration factor data of 780 types of organic compounds are collected from public databases or published papers; molecular structures of the organic compounds are optimized according to the density functional theory, and 4885 types of molecule descriptors of the organic compounds are preliminarily screened on the basis of the optimized molecular structures to acquire 3480 molecule descriptors; the organic compounds are divided into a training set and a verification set according to a ratio of 4:1, the training set is used for creating a predication model, and the verification set is used for external verification after model creation. The method has the advantages that the model is clear in application field and covers new pollutants, has good imitative effect, robustness and predication capability, and can effectively predict bio-concentration factors of different types of organic compounds; predication results of the method can provide important data support for risk assessment and management of the organic chemicals and are of great significance in ecological risk assessment.

The invention discloses a forward osmosis absorption liquid using and recycling method and a forward osmosis absorption device, and belongs to the field of water treatment. According to the forward osmosis absorption liquid using and recycling method, raw material liquid is absorbed by the absorbing liquid in a forward osmosis device, so that in a raw material liquid concentration process, the absorbing liquid is an inorganic saline water solution and comprises dissolved sodium sulfate; the concentration of sodium sulfate is greater than 20wt%, and the temperature is 35-45 DEG C; the osmosis pressure of the absorbing liquid is 110-150bar; the recycling of the absorbing liquid comprises the processes of cooling crystallization and concentration recycling. By the use of the characteristic that the sodium sulfate solution is greatly different in dissolving degree due to different temperatures, the high-concentration sodium sulfate solution is used as the absorbing liquid, so that the concentration factor of the raw material liquid is increased as much as possible; when the absorbing liquid is recycled, a cooling crystallization device is added, and the concentration of sodium sulfate is reduced; under a condition of relative low pressure, the absorbing liquid is recycled by nano filtration or / and reverse osmosis concentration, and therefore, the energy consumption is low, and the cost is low; the investment and operation cost of equipment is lowered.

The invention provides a method for calculating the fatigue life of an orthotropic steel bridge deck slab. The method comprises the following steps of collecting nominal strain monitoring data; performing calculation to obtain a nominal strain sample S; performing test to obtain an SCF (stain concentration factor); calculating the effective nominal strain amplitude SE<eq, i> and the effective hot spot stress amplitude SHE<eq, i> under the corrosion effect; calculating the fatigue resistance C(t) under the corrosion effect; calculating the fatigue damage D(t); calculating the fatigue life T. The method for calculating the fatigue life of the orthotropic steel bridge deck slab provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for accurately calculating the fatigue life of the orthotropic steel bridge deck slab under the corrosion and vehicle-mounted effects.

The invention discloses a device and a method for radioactive waste water concentration treatment, which belongs to the technical field of environment protection. A high-polymer hollow fiber type membrane assembly of hydrophobic materials is used as a main body, and the separation between radioactive nuclide and water is realized through controlling the temperature of solution at both sides of a membrane by using water vapor differential pressure as the pushing force, so the goal of concentrating the waste water is reached. The method has the advantages that the flow process is simple, the operation is easy, the decontamination factor is high, the concentration factor is high, the adaptability is high, and the combination with other processes is easy. The water outlet quality of the wastewater can reach the discharge standard only through one-step membrane distillation.

The invention discloses a process method for treating recycled water recycling high-concentration-ratio circulating water. The process method is characterized in that: a corrosion and scale inhibitor and an antisepsis algicide for a recycled water recycling circulating water system are applied to an industrial circulating cooling water system, and circulating water is replenished into recycled water. The corrosion and scale inhibitor and the antisepsis algicide for recycling recycled water are added into water, so that circulating water is naturally concentrated, and stable running at the concentration factor of 5 times can be realized. A high-concentration-factor circulating water treatment process method is implemented, so that high-concentration-factor stable running of industrial circulating cooling water is realized.

The invention relates to a method for reducing the lead content in pakchoi (Brassica campestris L.ssp.Chinensis(L.)Makino), which is characterized in that based on regular fertilization, one of sodium silicate and kalium silicate is fixed with any one of silicic acid and metasilicic acid and the mixture is fertilized in the soil before the vegetables are transplanted, thus leading the soil per mu to contain 4-10kg of silicon. The method can effectively reduce the lead concentration and the concentration factor in root, halm and leaves and even can reduce the lead concentration in the leaves to be lower the lead limited quantity criterion of the vegetables in the international food heavy metal limited quantity sanitation criterion, and the potential exposure risk of lead can be obviously reduced to about 250%.

The invention discloses a safety evaluation method and system for live work of an extra-high voltage direct current transmission line. The calculation process has higher reliability, and the evaluation result can accurately reflect the comprehensive influence of all influencing factors on the evaluation result. The method includes: establishing a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of factor sets; stratifying each factor according to the subordination relationship between the factors in the factor set and constructing a weight set and a corresponding priority relationship matrix; establishing a fuzzy consistent unit according to the factor set Factor evaluation matrix; establish fuzzy comprehensive evaluation set according to factor set, weight set and single factor evaluation matrix; obtain multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results according to fuzzy comprehensive evaluation set.

The invention relates to the field of amino acid fermentation, and specifically discloses a preparation method of corn steep liquor. According to the preparation method of the invention, corn kernels are soaked in sulphurous acid, concentration is carried out to obtain a corn steep liquor, microfiltration is performed on the corn steep liquor by using a filter membrane having a pore size of 0.05-0.1mum until the concentration factor is 10-12 to obtain a filtrated liquid and a retentate, and the filtrated liquid is concentrated until a baume degree of 8-24 is achieved so as to obtain the corn steep liquor. According to the invention, the microfiltration is performed on the corn steep liquor before the preparation of the corn steep liquor, microorganisms which cause contamination with corn steep liquor fermentation are trapped, the prepared corn steep liquor can be used in the amino acid fermentation after undergoing high temperature sterilization, contamination degree of the corn steep liquor used in the amino acid fermentation is greatly reduced, contamination rate is reduced, and acid yield level of amino acid is increased at the same time.

A miniature axisymmetric streamline tensile (MAST) specimen having improved axisymmetric surface profile design and surface stress concentration factor (SSCF) improvements, i.e., close to unity is described. The MAST specimen also has improved variable curvature transition fillets, miniaturized profile dimension and shoulder region features used in conjunction with the collet loading method. An axisymmetric, rather than flat, design is preferred since no stress gradients exist in the hoop direction, i.e., circumferential direction, of the specimen. The MAST specimen is designed to permit various loading options. The MAST specimen 10 may be used for testing any suitable material including, but not limited to, metals, plastics and ceramics.

The invention relates to an environmental contaminate phytoremediation technology, in particular to a method utilizing liana honeysuckles to remedy cadmium contaminated soil, which solves the problems of slow growing, small overground biomass, long remedy time and the like in the existing method for remedying plants growing in the cadmium contaminated soil. The method is that: honeysuckles are grown in the heavy metal cadmium contaminated environments (water bodies and soils), a better growing state can be maintained, the obvious poisoned symptom is not generated, and significantly different biomasses are not caused, the roots of the honeysuckles can absorb a great quantity of enrichment cadmium which contaminates the environment, and transfer the cadmium to the overground parts, so the cadmium accumulation amount of the overground parts exceeds the critical content standard 100mg / kg of the Cd super enrichment / accumulator plant, the concentration factor is more than 1, and the essential characteristics of the super enrichment / accumulator plant are obtained. The adopted method has low cost, is simple to operate, does not cause secondary pollution, is easy for aftertreatment, can effectively increase the green quantity and improve the ground landscape and the like while treat the environmental pollution.

The invention relates to a method for detecting the toxicity of characteristic toxic and harmful pollutants of aquatic products. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: (1) measuring the relative luminous intensity (RL) of luminous bacteria in a polluted environment of toxic substances with different concentrations by adopting a half lethal concentration method in a toxicity detection analyzer; (2) solving a linear regression equation, i.e. Y=aX+6, through regression analysis by taking the concentrations of various toxic substances in the polluted environment as a horizontal coordinate and the RL as a vertical coordinate, solving the diluted concentration, i.e. an EC50 value, of a corresponding pollutant when the RL is 50%, and defining the EC50 value as a relative toxicity factor (RT); (3) testing the BCF (Biological Concentration Factor) of the various toxic substances in the polluted environment; and (4) carrying out division on the obtained RT and the BCF, wherein an obtained value is the absolute toxicity magnitude of the various toxic substances in the polluted environment. The detection method provided by the invention can be used for accurately and fast sequencing the toxicity of various pollutants on the aquatic products.

Exosomes carry microRNA biomarkers, occur in higher abundance in cancerous patients than in healthy ones, and because they are present in most biofluids, including blood and urine, can be obtained non-invasively. Standard laboratory techniques to isolate exosomes are expensive, time-consuming, provide poor purity, and recover on the order of 25% of the available exosomes. We present a new microfluidic technique to simultaneously isolate exosomes and preconcentrate them by electrophoresis using a high transverse local electric field generated by ion-depleting ion-selective membrane. We use pressure-driven flow to deliver an exosome sample to a microfluidic chip such that the transverse electric field forces them out of the cross flow and into an agarose gel which filters out unwanted cellular debris while the ion-selective membrane concentrates the exosomes through an enrichment effect. We efficiently isolated exosomes from 1×PBS buffer, cell culture media and blood serum. Using flow rates from 150 μL / hr to 200 μL / hr and field strengths of 100 V / cm, we consistently captured between 60% to 80% of exosomes from buffer, cell culture media, and blood serum as confirmed by both fluorescence spectroscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. Our microfluidic chip maintained this recovery rate for more than twenty minutes with a concentration factor of 15 for ten minutes of isolation.

Provided are a concentration-factor measurement device and method for accurately calculating a concentration factor of circulating water, and a method for measuring a water-quality index value of the circulating water. The concentration-factor measurement device includes a light-absorbance measurement unit (1) for measuring absorbance by irradiating each of cells (12A-12C) with light, and an electrode measurement unit (2) equipped with electrodes (16, 17) that are inserted into a water sample in a container (20). For each item of water quality, the device calculates a concentration factor on the basis of a measured value measured when the water sample (W) is the circulating water, and a measured value measured when the water sample (W) is makeup water. A plurality of concentration factors are calculated on the basis of the measured values for plural items of water quality. Hence an accurate concentration factor can be obtained.

Circulating cooling water in thermal power plant is two-stage treated, make-up water is made to run serially. The first stage raw water is first used in industrial water system and then made to enter the circular cooling water system of the first stage generator set for low concentration factor, less than 2, running; the exhausted water from the first stage after being dealkalizing and softeningtreated with weak acid ionic exchange resin is used as the circulating make-up water for high concentration factor, up to 45, running in the second stage of generator set, with the total concentration factor being greater than 60; and the exhausted water is treated through clarification, filtering and reverse osmosis before being used as make-up water for boiler system or by other water consumer. The said technological process can reduce exhausted water amount and environmental pollution.

The invention relates to iridium complexes having novel main ligands and taking tetraphenylphosphonium imide as an auxiliary ligand. The main ligands in the series of iridium complex molecules are (R-)4-piperidine-2-phenylpyridine or (S-)4-piperidine-2-phenylpyridine derivatives containing chiral phenylpyridine groups. Compared with an iridium complex which is widely researched and reported, the novel iridium complex covered by the invention has the advantages of high light-emitting efficiency, small luminescent quenching effect caused by concentration factors, high electronic mobility, stable chemical properties, easiness for sublimation and purification, and the like; in addition, the device is excellent in performance. By modifying a molecular structure of the main ligand, the luminous intensity and efficiency of the complex can be adjusted within a wavelength range of visible light, which provides convenience for design and production of an organic light emitting diode display and an illuminating light source. Meanwhile, the series of novel iridium complexes introduced in the invention are simple in synthesis method, higher in yield and flexible in chemical modification aiming at the ligands.

The invention relates to the field of deep processing of dairy products, in particular to milk protein concentrate (MPC) produced by a membrane treatment technology, and a preparation method of the milk protein concentrate. The preparation method comprises the following processes of inspecting raw milk, preheating the inspected raw milk, and performing centrifugal sterilization and centrifugal separation so as to obtain skim milk; then performing pasteurization on the skim milk, then transporting the skim milk after being subjected to pasteurization to ultra filtration membrane equipment, setting concentration factors and the temperature of a control system, and enabling the skim milk to construct solid matters in the ultra filtration membrane equipment so as to obtain trapped fluid; performing concentration on the trapped fluid so as to obtain concentration fluid; preheating the concentration fluid, and then sequentially drying the preheated concentration fluid through a spray drying tower and a fluid bed so as to obtain the milk protein concentrate; and packing the milk protein concentrate, and performing metal detection. Through the adoption of the milk protein concentrate disclosed by the invention, milk protein having high-quality high protein content can be obtained, besides, a part of fat, a part of lactose and a part of mineral substances are reduced, the added value of products is higher, and the milk protein concentration is a new protein source.

A cooling system is provided having a first heat exchanger for heating a cooling liquid, a second heat exchanger, which preferably comprises an evaporator, for cooling the cooling liquid, and a pump for guiding the cooling liquid through the first and second heat exchanger. The system includes a pellet reactor through which cooling liquid is fed, so as to remove impurities from the cooling liquid by grafting the impurities onto graft material in the pellet reactor. A method is also provided for using such a cooling system. An advantage of the system is especially that calcium salts can be grafted onto the graft material, as a result of which the concentration factor of the cooling system can be increased significantly.

The invention discloses a multi-effect evaporative sea water desalinating device with a hybrid process, and belongs to the technical field of sea water desalinating and heat exchange equipment. Compared with the multi-effect evaporative sea water desalinating device with a parallel feeding process, the multi-effect evaporative sea water desalinating device with the hybrid process can ensure the concentration factor of the device and the optimal spraying density of each evaporator / condenser; the water inlet temperature of a single-effect evaporator / condenser can be increased; and the capacity of the device is also improved. Compared with the multi-effect evaporative sea water desalinating device with a grouped reflux feeding process, the water inlet salinity of the single-effect evaporator / condenser can be reduced; the scaling risk of a heat transfer tube is greatly reduced; the maintenance load is reduced; and the energy consumption of a pump is reduced. Meanwhile, non-condensed gas in the sea water is released in a last-effect low-temperature evaporator / condenser; and the non-condensed gas does not enter each-effect evaporator / condenser. Therefore, corrosion of the non-condensed gas on the equipment and adverse effects on heat transfer are reduced; and the operation reliability of the device is increased by simplifying a pumping design of the non-condensed gas.

The invention discloses a method for removing divalent metal ions from antibiotic etimicin P1 liquid medicine, which comprises the following steps of: separating etimicin P1 liquid medicine by a microfiltration membrane for removing impurities, such as macromolecular substances, particles, and the like; carrying out nanofiltration membrane constant volume percolation on collected microfiltration membrane penetrating liquid to obtain nanofiltration intercept liquid removing divalent metal ions; and carrying out nanofiltration membrane concentration on the intercept liquid to finally obtain thepurified and concentrated etimicin P1 liquid medicine. Nanofiltration membrane separation, purification and concentration are integrated into a whole in the method disclosed by the invention, no phase change happens in the process, the method is carried out at normal temperature, impurities, such as divalent metal ions, and the like are efficiently removed, etimicin P1 medicaments have no loss, the purification factor is 30.767-31.283 and the concentration factor is 2.198-2.307. The method is simple and convenient to operate, is easy for carrying out combined operation with a conventional separation unit, is suitable for industrial scale production, and has obvious effects of energy saving and emission reduction.

The invention discloses a deviation feature-based outlier mining method. The method comprises The following steps of: (1) dividing each dimensionality of a data set into h uniformly-spaced intervals so as to divide the whole data set into hd grids; (2) associating each data point with the grids, and if one grid does not comprise a data point, not considering the grid; (3) for each grid in a spaceformed via the division, solving a centroid of the grid and calculating a local outlier factor of the centroid; and (4) calculating a local outlier factor of each data object, wherein the local outlier factors of the objects in the data set are equal to the outlier factors of the centroids of the grids. According to the method, when outliers in the data set are detected, the data space is dividedinto the grids by adoption of an F-LOF detection algorithm, and the local outlier factors of the data points are calculated on the basis of the centroids of the grids, so that the calculation time isshortened, the detection efficiency is improved and the superiority is embodied.

The invention relates to a flow injection unequal flow complexation detection method, which is characterized in that the samples to be detected and the complexing agents are mixed under the condition of unequal flow by reducing the flow of the complexing agents, flow injection sample introduction is carried out, mixed liquor is injected into a knotted reactor for reaction, then a segment of air flow is introduced into the knotted reactor, the eluent is pushed into the knotted reactor by a peristaltic pump, and the metal ions and the complexing agents after reaction are taken into the flame atomic absorption spectrum to undergo online detection. Compared with the prior art, the method reduces the detection limit of flame atomic absorption, improves the sensitivity of flame atomic absorption and greatly increases the atomic absorption peak and the concentration factor. The method is characterized by simpleness, convenience, high efficiency, practicability and the like.

The invention discloses a method for detecting volatile organic compounds in water based on reverse osmosis. The method comprises the following steps: concentrating and enriching a water sample by reverse osmosis treatment; collecting the volatile organic compounds from enriched concentrated water by adopting a pursing and trapping technique; detecting the volatile organic compounds by adopting gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; carrying out qualitative determination according to the retention time of the compounds and selected ions, carrying out quantitative determination according to thepeak area of the compounds, and obtaining the concentration of a to-be-determined substance in the sample by using a standard curve. According to the detection method disclosed by the invention, no organic solvent is needed, a concentration factor of the volatile organic compounds in the water can be effectively improved, the loss of the volatile organic compounds in the enrichment process is reduced, and a detection limit of the volatile organic compounds is reduced. According to the method, accuracy, precision, the detection limit and actual adding standard recovery of the water sample meetthe requirements of trace analysis.