The invention discloses a tool for detecting the linear distance between an inner hole annular groove and an outer end face of a gear. The tool comprises a pipe plug, an inner axle sleeve, springs, a measuring sleeve, a cylindrical pin, an outer sleeve, a push rod, a gauge stand and a dial indicator. An end, provided with external thread, of the inner axle sleeve is connected with the outer sleeve and the gauge stand. An indicator rod of the dial indicator is inserted into an inner hole of the gauge stand. An inner hole of the measuring sleeve is in clearance fit with the inner axle sleeve. Annular bosses are arranged on the outer walls of the two ends of the measuring sleeve correspondingly. The annular boss stretching into an inner hole of a workpiece is a measuring end. The annular boss at the other end is connected with two handles stretching out radially. The cylindrical pin is stuffed radially into the tube wall in the middle section of the measuring sleeve. The push rod is placed and inserted into one inner hole of the inner axle sleeve. One spring is axially arranged between the push rod and the gauge stand. One spring is also axially arranged in an inner hole in the other end of the inner axle sleeve and is adjusted and locked in position through the pipe plug. The to-be-measured workpiece is stuffed into the detecting tool for measurement, direct measuring is good in promptness and high in precision, and the detecting tool is suitable for being used in fields of production.