The invention, which relates to the technical field of positioning and orientation, provides a feature-vector-based rapid magnetic 
beacon orientation method and 
system. The method comprises: setting frequencies, amplitudes and phases of two paths of signals generated by a 
signal source and inputting the signals into a magnetic 
beacon generation space 
magnetic field; identifying a to-be-measured 
magnetic field signal; collecting 
magnetic field signals continuously and filtering the signals by using a bandpass filter to obtain magnetic field vector data of the two paths of signals; carrying outdenoising 
processing on the magnetic field vector data; carrying out multiplication crossing 
processing on the denoised magnetic field vector data to obtain feature vectors; carrying out spatial 
linear fitting on the feature vectors to obtain an optimal 
feature vector; and carrying out calculation based on the optimal 
feature vector to obtain a relative 
azimuth and a relative 
elevation angle of the relative magnetic 
beacon. According to the invention, the identification precision of the 
feature vector is improved by using the spatial 
linear fitting technique; and while the orientation accuracyis ensured, the real-time performance of the relative orientation calculation of the 
system is significantly improved.