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The application belongs to the technical field of water sterilization, and particularly relates to preparation and application of aptamer modified gold loaded graphite phase carbon nitride for selectively killing staphylococcus aureus. The graphite phase carbon nitride is synthesized by a high-temperature polymerization method, gold nanoparticles are loaded on the surface of the graphite phase carbon nitride by an in-situ chemical reduction method, and then nucleic acid aptamer (apt) capable of target recognition of staphylococcus aureus is grafted on the surface of the material by specific bonding of a sulfur-gold bond, thereby obtaining nucleic acid aptamer modified gold loaded graphite phase carbon nitride (apt@CNAu). The composite material can selectively kill staphylococcus aureus under visible light driving through the synergistic effect of aptamer-mediated molecular recognition and photocatalytic activity, and provides an efficient and ecologically safe innovative solution for targeted management of water pathogenic bacteria, and successfully overcomes the technical bottleneck that traditional technology is difficult to selectively inactivate pathogenic bacteria.