518results about How to "Enhanced mixing process" patented technology

High performance flow batteries, based on alkaline zinc/ferro-ferricyanide rechargeable (“ZnFe”) and similar flow batteries, may include one or more of the following improvements. First, the battery design has a cell stack comprising a low resistance positive electrode in at least one positive half cell and a low resistance negative electrode in at least one negative half cell, where the positive electrode and negative electrode resistances are selected for uniform high current density across a region of the cell stack. Second, a flow of electrolyte, such as zinc species in the ZnFe battery, with a high level of mixing through at least one negative half cell in a Zn deposition region proximate a deposition surface where the electrolyte close to the deposition surface has sufficiently high zinc concentration for deposition rates on the deposition surface that sustain the uniform high current density. The mixing in the flow may be induced by structures such as: conductive and non-conductive meshes; screens; ribbons; foam structures; arrays of cones, cylinders, or pyramids; and other arrangements of wires or tubes used solely or in combination with a planar electrode surface. Third, the zinc electrolyte has a high concentration and in some embodiments has a concentration greater than the equilibrium saturation concentration—the zinc electrolyte is super-saturated with Zn ions.

A filter element incorporating an adsorbent material is provided. The filter element may comprise a first section of filter material and a second section of filter material spaced apart to form a compartment therebetween. The compartment may be filled with one or more adsorbents or the compartment may be divided into two regions, wherein one compartment region is filled with an adsorbent and the other compartment region is either filled with an ion-exchange resin or remains empty. The section of filter material adjacent to the tobacco rod may include one or more channels therethrough for passaging smoke directly from the tobacco rod into the adsorbent-filled compartment. The mouth end section of filter material may contain a breakable capsule, wherein the breakable capsule is filled with a flavoring agent capable of altering the taste characteristics of mainstream smoke.

A filter element incorporating an adsorbent material is provided. The filter element may comprise a first section of filter material and a second section of filter material spaced apart to form a compartment therebetween. The compartment may be filled with one or more adsorbents or the compartment may be divided into two regions, wherein one compartment region is filled with an adsorbent and the other compartment region is either filled with an ion-exchange resin or remains empty. The section of filter material adjacent to the tobacco rod may include one or more channels therethrough for passaging smoke directly from the tobacco rod into the adsorbent-filled compartment. The mouth end section of filter material may contain a breakable capsule, wherein the breakable capsule is filled with a flavoring agent capable of altering the taste characteristics of mainstream smoke.

Thermoplastic polyurethanes having an alternating sequence of hard and soft segments in which a nanostructured polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane diol is used as a chain extender to form a crystalline hard segment constituting SMPs. The polyurethanes are formed by reacting a polyol, a chain extender dihydroxyl-terminated polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane and a diisocyanate. The polyurethanes have multiple applications including for example, implants for human health care, drug delivery matrices, superabsorbant hydrogels, coatings, adhesives, temperature and moisture sensors, etc.

Cationic surfactant systems, using microfibrous cellulose to suspend particulates therein, are described. Methods of making these systems are also described.

A filter element incorporating an adsorbent material is provided. The filter element may comprise a first section of filter material and a second section of filter material spaced apart to form a compartment therebetween. The compartment may be filled with one or more adsorbents or the compartment may be divided into two regions, wherein one compartment region is filled with an adsorbent and the other compartment region is either filled with an ion-exchange resin or remains empty. The section of filter material adjacent to the tobacco rod may include one or more channels therethrough for passaging smoke directly from the tobacco rod into the adsorbent-filled compartment. The mouth end section of filter material may contain a breakable capsule, wherein the breakable capsule is filled with a flavoring agent capable of altering the taste characteristics of mainstream smoke.

Methods and apparatus for mixing fluids are provided. The devices and methods operate without moving parts, and generate well-mixed fluids over a broad dynamic range of flow rates. Preferred embodiments include junction-type mixers, bundled mixers, and co-axial mixers. The devices and methods are optimized to produce rapid, accurate gradients to improve associated system throughput and reproducibility.

A desalination system in the form of a submerged gas evaporator that includes a vessel, a gas delivery tube partially disposed within the vessel to deliver a gas into the vessel and a fluid inlet that provides a fluid to the vessel at a rate sufficient to maintain a controlled constant level of fluid within the vessel. A weir is disposed within the vessel adjacent the gas delivery tube to form a first fluid circulation path between a first weir end and a wall of the vessel and a second fluid circulation path between a second weir end and an upper end of the vessel. During operation, gas introduced through the tube mixes with the fluid and the combined gas and fluid flow at a high rate with a high degree of turbulence along the first and second circulation paths defined around the weir, thereby promoting vigorous mixing and intimate contact between the gas and the fluid. This turbulent flow develops a significant amount of inter facial surface area between the gas and the fluid resulting in a reduction of the required residence time of the gas within the fluid to achieve thermal equilibrium which leads to a more efficient and complete evaporation. Additionally, vapor exiting the submerged gas evaporator is condensed in a condensing unit thus precipitating vapor into a liquid for removal.

An air stripper in the form of an submerged gas evaporator or a submerged gas reactor that includes a vessel, a gas delivery tube partially disposed within the vessel to deliver a gas into the vessel and a contaminated liquid inlet that provides a contaminated liquid to the vessel at a rate sufficient to maintain a controlled constant level of process fluid within the vessel. A weir is disposed within the vessel adjacent the gas delivery tube to form a first fluid circulation path between a first weir end and a wall of the vessel and a second fluid circulation path between a second weir end and an upper end of the vessel. During operation, gas introduced through the tube mixes with the process fluid and the combined gas and fluid flow at a high rate with a high degree of turbulence along the first and second circulation paths defined around the weir, thereby promoting vigorous mixing and intimate contact between the gas and the process fluid. This turbulent flow develops a significant amount of interfacial surface area between the gas and the process fluid resulting in a reduction of the required residence time of the gas within the process fluid to achieve thermal equilibrium and/or to drive chemical reactions to completion, all of which leads to a more efficient and complete evaporation, chemical reaction, or combined evaporation and chemical reaction process.

The invention discloses a nm titanium dioxide inorganic surface treating method. The inorganic surface treating is performed when the nm titanium dioxide is in good dispersed state and the inorganic surface treatment effect is increased using the said method. The invention solves the flocculation and dispersion problem of nm titanium dioxide using ultrasonic field, mechanical agitation and film separation and phase integrating. During the process of treating the inorganic surface, on the one hand the nm titanium dioxide dispersion liquid is always under the action of mechanical agitation and ultrasonic, on the other hand, the impurity ions are continuously removed using membrane separation device, so as to make sure the inorganic surface coating reaction under the full dispersed state of the nm titanium dioxide.

The invention relates to a PACT (powdered activated carbon treatment) process and an PACT process device. The activated carbon-microbial zoogloea culture method comprises the following steps: selecting activated sludge, and culturing until the activated sludge is mature; and adding powdered activated carbon to ensure that the powdered activated carbon serving as a core is wrapped by microorganisms to form activated carbon-microbial zoogloea floccules, and acclimating, thus increasing the specific gravity of the powdered activated carbon and enhancing the precipitability. In the PACT process device, a sludge return tank is added, and the powdered activated carbon is added into the sludge return tank, so that the powdered activated carbon and the microorganisms can form activated carbon-microbial zoogloeae in the sludge return tank, thereby prolonging the retention time of the powdered activated carbon in a water treatment system; and sludge in the sludge return tank is lifted into a sewage inlet at the front end of an aerobic tank through a lifting pump, so that the sludge and sewage can be better mixed, thereby prolonging the retention time of the powdered activated carbon in the aerobic tank and enhancing the treatment effect. On the basis of prolonging the water retention time of the aerobic tank, the invention does not need to increase the volume of the original aerobic tank, and is small in occupied area and easy to implement.

The invention discloses a method for preparing crystal II-type ammonium polyphosphate with distribution of high polymerization degree and narrow molecular weight. The method comprises the following steps: putting phosphorus pentoxide and diammonium phosphate which have equal molar ratio into a malaxator which can accurately control a temperature and heated by conducting oil for mixing; under the protection of inert gas, heating the materials in the malaxator to between 100 and 250 DEG C through the circulatory conducting oil; stopping introducing the inert gas; performing ammonification on the materials and heating the materials under an atmosphere of ammonia gas till the materials are totally molten down; stopping introducing the ammonia gas; after homogenization, introducing the ammonia gas again and heating the materials; throwing a surface treating agent into the malaxator; after material throwing is completed, continuously introducing the ammonia gas, keeping warm and mixing the materials; after reaction is finished, transferring the materials to a closed vessel and reducing the temperature; simultaneously, continuously introducing the ammonia gas till the temperature of the materials is below 100 DEG C; and obtaining a finished product. The method can prepare the crystal II -type ammonium polyphosphate with the distribution of the high polymerization degree and the narrow molecular weight; and the product has the characteristics of uniform granularity shape, small water-solubility, good heat resistance, high polymerization degree, narrow distribution of molecular weight and high crystal II-type purity.

The invention provides a coal combustion apparatus capable of separating carbon dioxide, which is mainly formed by connecting a fuel reactor, a primary cyclone separator, a dipleg and an air reactor in series; wherein the lower part of the fuel reactor is provided with a mixing chamber with large cross section, and the upper part thereof is provided with a lifting tube with small cross section; and the height of the lifting tube is over three times higher than that of the mixing chamber. The invention also provides a method using the coal combustion apparatus capable of separating the carbon dioxide to separate the carbon dioxide. The fuel reactor adopts the structure of a reactor with long residence time, internal circulation can be formed by granules, and the gas-solid turbulence is improved; the air reactor adopts a moving fluidized bed to ensure the operation to be stable, so that the heat can be evenly released; meanwhile, a heat exchanger is arranged inside the bed, so that coking caused by local overheating since a great deal of heat is released in a centralized way in oxidation reaction can be avoided. Furthermore, the fuel reactor and the air reactor run under the pressure, so that the equipment can be compact, the utilization efficiency of system energy is high, and the subsequent carbon dioxide compression energy consumption is reduced.

The invention relates to a composite concentration triple-wind-regulating low-NOx cyclone pulverized-coal burner which comprises a central wind passage, wherein a primary wind passage, an internal direct-flow secondary wind passage, an internal rotational-flow secondary wind passage and an external rotational-flow secondary wind passage are sequentially and concentrically arranged at the outer side of the central wind passage from inside to outside, a conical pulverized-coal concentrating device and a star-shaped pulverized-coal concentrating device are arranged in the primary wind passage, and a reversed V-shaped expanded opening and a zigzag axial and radial double concave-convex structured burning-stabilizing device are arranged at the outlet of the primary wind passage; and after primary wind passes through the pulverized-coal concentrating device, an intense standing-vortex burning-stabilizing firing area with obvious circumferential and radial pulverized-coal concentration distribution is formed at the outlet of the burner, and the burning conditions of high-temperature reflow smoke gas and oxygen-deficient rich fuel are generated. The burner has extremely strong firing-stabilizing performance and good coal adaptability and effectively reduces the concentration of nitrogen oxides.

A method and apparatus are disclosed that allow Conformal Vortex Generator art to improve energy efficiency and control capabilities at many points in a turbomachine or device processing aero/hydrodynamic Newtonian fluid-flows.