The invention discloses an efficient heat dissipation structure of a cabinet type 5G base station construction computing unit, and the structure comprises a cabinet body, wherein a mounting cavity isformed in the cabinet body, a plurality of mounting plates are mounted in the mounting cavity, a circulating cavity is formed in the cabinet body, a water tank is mounted in the circulating cavity, and a heat dissipation groove is formed in the left end of the cabinet body; a water collecting cavity, a vertical cavity and a square cavity are sequentially formed in the upper end of the cabinet bodyfrom left to right, the vertical cavity is located on the right side of the water collecting cavity, the square cavity is located on the right side of the vertical cavity, a compression cavity is formed in the cabinet body, and the compression cavity is located above the square cavity. The structure dissipates the heat in the cabinet body through water cooling, and water resource waste is reducedthrough cyclic utilization of water; meanwhile, gas in the folding air bag is sprayed out of the heat dissipation groove, the flow speed of the gas in the heat dissipation groove is increased, heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins is made to be fast, the heat dissipation fins are made to be in a high-heat-dissipation state all the time, and the overall water-cooling heat dissipation effect is improved.