An inorganic composite waterproof, fireproof and heat preservation material for buildings contains basic components of water, waterproof agents, perlite, porous ceramsites and cement, wherein the waterproof agents are colored waterproof agents with inorganic characteristics, the perlite is waterproof carbonized blind hole expanded perlite, the grain size of the perlite is 0.5-1mm, the volume weight of the perlite is 80-220 kg/m<3>, and the expansion times of the perlite is 8-15. Coal ash serves as the main raw material of the porous ceramsites, and the grain size of the porous ceramsites is 10-12mm. The cement is aluminium silicate cement added with modifying agents. According to material proportion, relative mass contents the of the perlite, the ceramsites, the cement and the waterproof agents meet requirements that the perlite occupies 59-61 parts, the ceramsites occupy 55-58 parts, the cement occupies 32-38 parts and the waterproof agents occupy 23-27 parts. The inorganic composite waterproof, fireproof and heat preservation material for buildings has the excellent performances in aspects of fire prevention and heat preservation, is high in indexes such as the heat conductivity coefficient, the dry appearance density, the material bonding strength and compression strength, and is low in cost.