A system supporting hard disk hot insertion, comprising at least a processor (1), a system hard disk, a system power supply (51), a backplane slot (4), a first cooling fan, and a current limiting control circuit (52), connected in series Between the system power supply (51) and the backplane slot (4), and the processor (1) controls the voltage of the hot-inserted hard disk so that the hard disk can operate normally. The system also includes a monitoring chip (2), a voltage limiting control circuit connected in series between the system power supply (51) and the backplane slot (4), and a set of hard disk hot swap management software, the processor (1) It is connected with the monitoring chip (2). Through this system, the hard disk voltage, temperature and fan speed can be controlled, so that the hard disk can be hot-swapped without damaging the hard disk or destroying data security. This system can support ordinary hard disks, not limited to SCSI hard disks with high-end technology, which greatly saves the system cost for hot swapping.