The invention relates to the technical field of additives for livestock and in particular relates to a composition for preventing and treating bovine rumen acidosis and a preparation method of the composition. The composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: golden camellia, folium isatidis, dandelion, purslane, poria cocos, fructus amomi, white paeony root, radix ophiopogonis, ephedra, puerarin, cinnamon, patrinia, rhizoma phragmitis, rehmannia, aloe, semen cuscutae, moutan bark, albumen powder and saccharomyces cerevisiae. The composition disclosed by the invention has an obvious effect of preventing and treating bovine rumen acidosis and can effectively reduce the incidence rate of the bovine rumen acidosis to 2.3-2.6%; due to a reasonable ratio, the Chinese herbal medicines can achieve excellent synergistic effects, the rumen pH value is effectively regulated, a balance of the rumen biota system is maintained, the bovine rumen acidosis is prevented to the greatest degree, and the composition achieves extremely important significances for improving the cattle production performance, reducing economic losses and promoting sustainable and healthy development of the cattle breeding industry.