The invention discloses a robot-based electrocardiogram detection system, including steering systems, main control unit, external sensing unit, motion control module, medical detection unit, a man-machine alternate current unit and a power supply unit. The manipulation system is connected with the main control unit, the main control unit is connected with an alarm module for warning, the main control unit is connected with an external sensing unit, motion control module, a medical detection unit and a man-machine exchange unit. The external sensing unit is connected to the temperature sensor and the visual capturing module, that motion control module is connected with a motor drive, and the manipulation system is respectively connected with an alarm module, an external sensing unit, a motion control module, a medical detection unit and a man-machine exchange unit through the main control unit. The electrocardiogram detection system based on robot overcomes the limitation of the traditional electrocardiogram detection device because of its bulky volume, which is convenient for visual observation and can meet the work requirements well.