The invention provides a fabricated building of a pre-assembling structure of a prefabricated section steel concrete shear wall. The building is provided with a structure preformed in a factory, and the preformed structure comprises section steel concrete shear walls, prefabricated section steel concrete beams, steel bar truss concrete slabs, prefabricated reinforced concrete stairs, light masonry partition walls, and prefabricated foam-concrete outer walls. The invention further provides a mounting method of the fabricated building of the pre-assembling structure of the prefabricated section steel concrete shear wall. The fabricated building disclosed by the invention is characterized in that all components are prefabricated in the factory, so that the quality of the components is convenient to control, and construction difficulties caused by the change of outdoor weather can be reduced. The fabricated building is assembled on site, and safe, rapid and convenient to mount; the recycling rate of templates is high, work about templates and tube frames is omitted on side, the use and the consumption of the templates and the tube frames are reduced, on-site workers are saved, and the phenomenon of on-site raise dust is greatly improved, so that the influence on environment is small, and the environmental pollution is reduced. The fabricated building disclosed by the invention is suitable for various houses and buildings, such as high-rises, small high-rises, garden houses and villas.