The invention relates to a purification system for micro-polluted raw water, comprising a stripping oil separation tank, a coagulating sedimentation tank, a coagulating chemical dosing device, a first middle water tank, a water feeding pump, a biological aerated filter, a second middle water tank, a coagulating chemical dosing unit, a filtering lift pump, a multi-media filter, a manganese sand filter, an active carbon filter, an acid dosing device, a scale inhibitor dosing device, a mixer, a reverse osmosis device, an alkali dosing device, a disinfection device and an ultraviolet sterilization device. The purification system for micro-polluted raw water disclosed by the invention has the following advantages that: main pollutants are especially removed at first, and then a reverse osmosis technology is used as a safety guarantee; the reverse osmosis pre-treatment is designed adequately, and the operation of the system is safe and stable, so that the occurrence frequency of pollution and blockage phenomena is greatly decreased, chemical cleaning period is greatly prolonged, and the recycling rate of water is up to 75%; and the purification system is suitable for the occasions of treating the drinking water of municipal administration, villages, industrial enterprises and mine fields or for the occasions of reusing the reclaimed water which needs advanced treatment. The invention further refers to a purification method of the purification system for micro-polluted raw water.