The invention discloses a solar energy measuring liquid heat conductivity coefficient experimental instrument and a measurement method thereof, and belongs to the field of physical experimental instruments. The instrument comprises a sliding rail, a heating plate rack, a cooling plate rack, a liquid sample containing tank, a heating plate, a cooling plate, a temperature sensor I, a temperature sensor II, a heat dissipation fan, a single chip computer temperature measurement and control instrument, a compression bolt, a compression nut, a solar photovoltaic power supply system and an electronictimer. The instrument is used for measuring the heat conductivity coefficient of liquid through a steady-state method, is simple to operate, visual in phenomenon, accurate in measurement data, smallin measurement error, high in repeatability, convenient in disassembly and assembly of all components, and convenient for experiments to be smoothly performed, and avoids the problem of slow teachingprogress caused by inconvenience in disassembly and assembly of the existing instruments.