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This application provides a hydraulic clearance adjuster, an engine, and a vehicle. The hydraulic clearance adjuster includes: a housing; at least a portion of a plunger disposed within a first receiving cavity, with an oil drain channel formed between the outer peripheral surface of at least a portion of the plunger and the side wall of the first receiving cavity, and a first working cavity formed between the bottom of the plunger and the bottom of the first receiving cavity, the plunger being movably disposed relative to the housing to change the volume of the first working cavity; a first annular gap formed between the inner ring of a seal and the outer peripheral surface of the plunger, the first annular gap communicating with the first working cavity; a second annular gap formed between the outer ring of the seal and the inner side wall of the housing, the second annular gap communicating with the oil drain channels located on both sides of the seal; and a communicating channel formed on at least one of the seal and the housing, the communicating channel communicating with the oil drain channels located on both sides of the seal. The hydraulic clearance adjuster dynamically adjusts the flow cross-section of the oil drain channel according to the oil pressure, thereby precisely controlling the hydraulic stiffness damping.