The invention discloses a micro thrust measurement device with an adjustable and high-magnetism gathering damper, which comprises a target system, a displacement sensor system, a target mounting block and a damping system, wherein in the target system, connection and positioning between an elastic beam and the target mounting block is realized through vertical angle aluminum, the verticality of the elastic beam is ensured, and the target is arranged at the bottom end of the elastic beam; in the displacement sensor system, a sensor mounting rod is vertically arranged, the top end is fixed with the bottom surface of the target mounting block, and the bottom end of the sensor mounting rod is provided with the displacement sensor via a sensor mounting plate; in the magnetic damping system, a magnetic stripe is formed by stripe magnets and soft iron blocks, the magnetism gathering effect is good, and the magnetic stripe is arranged on a base with an adjustable height to enable the damping force of the damper to be adjustable conveniently. The micro thrust measurement device with the damping system has the advantages that the thrust frame movable frame can be ensured to be quickly stabilized via the damper, the experiment time can be reduced, the experiment errors can be reduced, and the normal operation by the thruster is not disturbed.