The invention discloses a variant aircraft aerodynamic optimization method for improving the expected improvement degree of a position vector, and belongs to the technical field of aircraft overall optimization. The method comprises the following steps: selecting an initial reference airfoil profile and a related shape coefficient, and determining a design working condition; establishing an optimization model considering structural consistency constraint to solve the shape coefficient of the deformed airfoil profile, and establishing a high-precision aerodynamic analysis model to solve the lift coefficient and the resistance coefficient of the airfoil profile; establishing a Kriging agent model of the high-precision pneumatic analysis model, optimizing the Kriging agent model to obtain a pseudo-non-dominated solution, and judging whether a prediction variance of the Kriging agent model is greater than a threshold value or not; and if the prediction variance is not less than the threshold, obtaining newly added sample points for updating the Kriging proxy model by adopting a position vector expectation improvement criterion, otherwise, screening the newly added sample points from the pseudo-non-dominated solution to update the Kriging proxy model. By screening newly added sample points, the precision of the Kriging agent model at the Pareto frontier is improved, the optimality and the distributivity of an optimized non-dominated solution are improved, meanwhile, the optimization efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.