The invention provides a surface drainage structure for civil construction engineering. The surface drainage structure comprises a jacket, a grid plate, a screen drum, a mesh guard and a water seal structure, an upper end port of the jacket is matched with the grid plate, a lower end port of the jacket is matched with the water seal structure, the screen drum and the mesh guard are arranged in the jacket, the mesh guard is arranged below the screen drum, the mesh guard is provided with an enclosed cylindrical body, the middle of the side wall of the cylindrical body is recessed inwards, a circular hole is formed in the top of the mesh guard, the upper portion of the screen drum is supported on the inner wall below the upper end port of the jacket, the lower portion of the screen drum penetrates the circular hole in the mesh guard and extends into the mesh guard, and the wall surface of the screen drum outside the mesh guard are provided with screen holes. By the aid of the structure design, the surface drainage structure still can rapidly and smoothly drain after being used for a long time, frequency cleaning sediments in an end port structure is remarkably reduced, and convenience in use is provided.