The invention discloses a method for efficiently synthesizing a carboxymethyl
monosaccharide compound in one step and application of the carboxymethyl
monosaccharide compound, and the synthesis method comprises the following steps: (1) in a round-bottom flask, dissolving a basic catalyst in water, after the solution is cooled to
room temperature, adding
monosaccharide, fully stirring to dissolve the monosaccharide, and continuously stirring in a constant-temperature water bath; (2) dissolving a
chloroacetic acid solid in water, slowly dropwise adding a
chloroacetic acid solution into the round-bottom flask, and continuously reacting in a constant-temperature water bath; (3) monitoring the reaction process by adopting thin-layer
chromatography, and adjusting the pH value of the solution by using acid after the reaction is finished; and (4) cooling to
room temperature, carrying out
solvent concentration and
column chromatography separation, and collecting a target fraction.
Monosaccharide and
chloroacetic acid are used as raw materials, the monosaccharide compound is subjected to carboxymethylation modification under the alkaline
catalysis condition, two carboxymethyl monosaccharide compounds with excellent
moisture retention performance can be efficiently prepared in one step, and the preparation efficiency is remarkably improved; the synthesized compound is used as a
humectant in tobacco products, and the physical
moisture retention performance of the compound is superior to that of traditional
propylene glycol.