The invention discloses high-efficiency and low-cost pleurotus eryngii culture compost, and belongs to the technical field of culturing of edible fungi. The high-efficiency and low-cost pleurotus eryngii culture compost is prepared by, by weight percentage, 40-60% of mulberry branch powder, 20-35% of bean stalk, 5-15% of silkworm excrement, 2-5% of soybean meal, 2-5% of sweet potato powder, 0.6-1.5% of shaddock peel powder, 0.6-1.5% of watermelon peel powder, 0.2-0.6% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5-1.0% of gypsum powder, 0.5-1.0% of lime and 0.5-1.0% of white granulated sugar. According to the high-efficiency and low-cost pleurotus eryngii culture compost, various waste resources are fully utilized, proportioning is scientific, the nutritional requirements of mycelial growth and sporocarp growth and development of pleurotus eryngii are met, the utilization value is high, and the produced pleurotus eryngii is big in size, good in quality, good in taste, high in yield, rich in nutrition, low in cost, green and environmentally friendly and great in market value.