The invention discloses an anti-aging drawer structure, a control method thereof and a refrigerator. The anti-aging drawer structure comprises a drawer body, wherein an ultraviolet illumination assembly is arranged in the drawer body, an illumination adjusting module is further arranged in the drawer body, and the illumination adjusting module comprises a detection unit and a control unit; the detection unit is used for detecting the projection area of objects placed in the drawer on a drawer bottom plate; and the control unit is used for controlling the illumination intensity or the irradiation area of the ultraviolet illumination assembly according to the size of the projection area. According to the anti-aging drawer structure, the control method thereof and the refrigerator, through the arrangement, after the objects are placed in the drawer, pesticide residues are eliminated by adopting ultraviolet irradiation, meanwhile, a projection area can be generated, the number of the placed objects is judged according to the area of the projection area, so that the intensity or the area of the ultraviolet illumination is adjusted, the intensity of ultraviolet rays directly irradiated on the drawer body is reduced, the aging effect of the ultraviolet rays on the drawer is weakened, and the service life of the product can be prolonged.