The invention discloses an angle measurement system based on linear Hall sensors and an angle measurement method. The angle measurement system comprises four linear Hall sensors, four potentiometers, an AD sampling apparatus, a microprocessor and a display, and is characterized in that the four linear Hall sensors are sequentially arranged along a circumference, two adjacent linear Hall sensors are orthogonally placed, two opposite linear Hall sensors are placed in a directly facing manner, and a central axis of a radial magnetization magnet passes the center of the circumference along which the four linear Hall sensors are arranged and is perpendicular to the circumference. A signal output end of each linear Hall sensor is connected with a first fixed end of the corresponding potentiometer, second fixed ends of the four potentiometers are grounded, sliding ends of the four potentiometers are connected to four sampling channels of the AD sampling apparatus, and the microprocessor calculates a rotation angle according to ADC data and outputs the calculated rotation angle to the display. A defect of narrow measurement range of a traditional angle measurement method is overcome, and measurement for angles within a range of 0-360 degrees is realized.