The invention discloses a floating-type wave energy conversion device, which comprises a hollow shell, a wave-approach assembly for collecting wave energy, and a conversion assembly for converting thewave energy into electrical energy. The wave-approach assembly comprises wave-approach plates arranged outside the shell, and wave-approach plate idler wheels connected with the wave-approach plates,a moving track is formed in the shell, and the wave-approach plate idler wheels are driven by the wave-approach plates to roll along the moving track; the conversion assembly comprises generators, asupporting sleeve rod, connecting rods and positioning gears, wherein the generators, the supporting sleeve rod, the connecting rods and the positioning gears are arranged in the shell, and the positioning gears are used for positioning the connecting rods; the positioning gears are in transmission connection with rotating shafts of the generators; a sliding piece slidably connected with the supporting sleeve rod is arranged on the supporting sleeve rod; one ends of the connecting rods are hinged to the sliding piece, and the other ends of the connecting rods are hinged to the wave-approach plate idler wheels; the connecting rods are further provided with racks engaged with the positioning gears; and the wave-approach plates are impacted by waves to drive the connecting rods to move through the wave-approach plate idler wheels, and the racks arranged on the connecting rods drive the positioning gears to rotate, and thus drive the generators to generate electricity.