The invention discloses an FPGA-based DDS random waveform signal generator. The random wave form realization mode of a conventional signal generator is online generation and downloading. A random waveform module is additionally arranged in such a mode, as a result, the cost is increased and inconvenience is brought to users. The conventional signal generator can merely realize signal reproduction and cannot well optimize a frequency spectrum. In the FPGA-based DDS random waveform signal generator, a whole system-on-a-chip comprises an embedded phase-locked loop, a one-out-of two data selector with a bit width of ten, a one-out-of-four data selector with a bit width of eight, a first accumulator A with a bit width of thirty two, a second accumulator B with a bit width of thirty two, a ROM_triangular wave on a chip, a ROM_square wave on a chip, a ROM_sine wave on a chip, a ROM_random wave on a chip, a scrambling generator and an NIOSII core. The FPGA-based DDS random waveform signal generator has the advantages of high versatility, simple control operation, and frequency spectrum optimization.