The invention discloses an artwork traceability system based on a block chain, which comprises a user module, a business service module and a data service module, and is characterized in that the usermodule is used for creating a block chain account of a user and cancelling, wherein the data service comprises a block chain node service, the business service comprises the account service, artworkservice, transaction service, delivery service and block service. According to the system, the artwork information is stored into the block chain nodes, the business service is called through a Restful interface, and a block chain platform is called through a smart contract to realize various business services, so that the defects in the prior art are overcome, the problems of traceability, rightconfirmation and transaction of the current artwork collection market are solved, and the transaction of the art collections becomes honesty and reliable.