This invention relates to an asymmetric catalytic
composite membrane and its preparation method, belonging to the field of chemical catalytic
separation technology. The catalytic
composite membrane adopts a three-layer asymmetric
composite structure, consisting of a catalytic layer, an intermediate support layer, and a separation layer. The intermediate support layer is placed between the catalytic layer and the separation layer to achieve physical isolation between the two
layers, avoiding damage to the separation layer structure during the catalytic layer preparation process. Specifically, the catalytic layer is a sulfonated
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane with a porous structure prepared by freeze-
drying technology. After sulfonation modification and freeze-
drying to create pores, it exhibits both
low mass transfer resistance and high catalytic activity. The intermediate support layer is a
polyacrylonitrile (PAN)
ultrafiltration membrane, providing stability and isolation. The separation layer is a dense membrane formed by spin-
coating MOF-801 nanoparticles with
sodium alginate (SA). The hydrophilic MOF-801 nanoparticles significantly improve the water /
ethanol separation efficiency. The asymmetric structure of this invention has the characteristic of independent optimization of functional
layers, which can enhance the performance of the catalytic layer and the separation layer respectively. The prepared sulfonated
polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) catalytic
composite membrane exhibits excellent catalytic-separation
coupling performance and long-term stability in
esterification reaction, and has good prospects for industrial application.