The invention provides a gene chip and a detection kit for detecting common food allergens, which mainly aim at eight common food allergens of celery, chicken, fish, peanut, sesame, soybean, wheat and almond. The gene chip comprises a solid phase carrier and an oligonucleotide probe which is fixed on the solid carrier and comprises DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) fragments selected from MTD (Maximum Tolerated Dose) gene of celery, mitochondrial DNA of chicken, mitochondrial 16S of fish, Arah1 gene of peanut, Sal gene of sesame, Lectin gene of soybean, GAG56D gene of wheat and Prudul gene of almond. The gene chip and the detection kit can be used for detecting the common food allergens and have the characteristics of being convenience in operation, high flux, high accuracy, high repeatability and the like, and can be used for clinical detection on food anaphylaxis.