The invention relates to the technical field of large ring piece detection, in particular to a portable detection method and instrument for flatness and
machining allowance of a large ring piece, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, building a workpiece coordinate
system fixedly connected with the ring piece, rapidly obtaining circumferential thickness distribution based on the coordinate
system, generating an upper end
face contour curve, and carrying out the detection of the flatness and
machining allowance of the ring piece; through real-time analysis of the contour curve, the defect types such as overall inclination, local concave-convex or
periodic wave deformation and the like are synchronously diagnosed, then different fine scanning strategies are adaptively triggered according to diagnosis results to obtain corresponding high-precision morphology data, and finally, the high-precision morphology data are obtained. And fusing multi-
source data to calculate an end face flatness error and a global minimum
machining allowance, and directly judging the process
machinability of the ring piece according to the end face flatness error and the global minimum machining allowance. According to the invention, the
closed loop from
rapid detection and intelligent diagnosis to process decision is realized, and the problems of low
field detection efficiency, inaccurate defect judgment and disjunction between detection and
processing decision of a large ring piece are solved.