32 results about "Neuronal firing" patented technology

In Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning, rewards typically come seconds after reward-triggering actions, creating an explanatory conundrum known as the distal reward problem or the credit assignment problem. How does the brain know what firing patterns of what neurons are responsible for the reward if (1) the firing patterns are no longer there when the reward arrives and (2) most neurons and synapses are active during the waiting period to the reward? A model network and computer simulation of cortical spiking neurons with spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) modulated by dopamine (DA) is disclosed to answer this question. STDP is triggered by nearly-coincident firing patterns of a presynaptic neuron and a postsynaptic neuron on a millisecond time scale, with slow kinetics of subsequent synaptic plasticity being sensitive to changes in the extracellular dopamine DA concentration during the critical period of a few seconds after the nearly-coincident firing patterns. Random neuronal firings during the waiting period leading to the reward do not affect STDP, and hence make the neural network insensitive to this ongoing random firing activity. The importance of precise firing patterns in brain dynamics and the use of a global diffusive reinforcement signal in the form of extracellular dopamine DA can selectively influence the right synapses at the right time.

Apparatus, systems, and methods may operate to collect neuro data from an organ, such as a brain. Spikes may be detected using raw neuro data collected from the organ. The spikes may be sorted. Underlying neuronal firing rates may be estimated using the sorted spikes. The neuronal firing rates may be transmitted outside the organ for real time decoding.

The invention relates to the use of cannabidiol (CBD), at a dose of greater than 300 mg/day, in combination with a standard anti-epileptic drug (SAED) which acts via sodium or calcium channels, for use in the treatment of epilepsy. The SAED is preferably one which•modifies low-threshold or transient neuronal calcium currents,or•reduces high-frequency neuronal firing and sodium-dependent action potentials and enhances GABA effects. Preferred SAEDs are ethosuximide and valproate.

The invention discloses a memristor-based neuron circuit. According to the neuron circuit, partially volatile bipolar resistive transition devices are selected and used as memristors of a synapse array, and a volatile resistive transition device is selected and used as a memristor for expressing membrane potential of neurons, so that the neuron circuit is formed; and synapse basis units are arranged. The neuron circuit can realize an integral discharge function in biological neurons and express local graded potentials; and synapses have partial volatility, can express spike-timing-dependent plasticity, and have great similarity with biological neurons and synapses in the aspects of information storage, transmission and processing. According to the neuron circuit, the basic units can be provided for hardware to simulate a cerebral neural network structure; the technical problems of neuron discharge time delay, difficulty in realizing high-density integration and the like in the prior art are solved; and the neuron circuit can be used for constructing a brain-like information processing system, can quickly process a large amount of information in parallel, and has a greatly high application value in realizing a cerebral neurologic calculation network.

A photoelectric electrode is capable of synchronously collecting EEG signals and blood oxygen signals. A disc electrode of an EEG collection system and a fiber probe of a near-infrared spectral cerebral function imaging system are integrated to form the photoelectric electrode. Therefore, the problem that cerebral neuronal firing activity and blood oxygen metabolic information cannot be collected synchronously is solved. The photoelectric electrode includes two separable parts, including an electrode part and a photo-electrode part. The electrode part is composed of a hollow disc electrode and a base and is used independently for collecting electroencephalograms; the photo-electrode part can be directly inserted into the base of the electrode part and is firmed through an L-shaped groove. On the basis of nationally standard 10-20 system electrode distribution, 64-channel EEG signals and 42-channel blood oxygen signals can be collected synchronously.

The present invention relates to novel compositions and methods to induce, and/or modulate bio-electrical rhythms (e.g. in cardiac, neuronal and pancreatic cells) by fine-tuning the activity of HCN-encoded pacemaker channels via a novel protein- and genetic-engineering approach to augment or attenuate the associated physiological responses (e.g. heart beat, neuronal firing, insulin secretion, etc) for achieving various therapeutic purposes (e.g. sick sinus syndrome, epilepsy, neuropathic pain, diabetes, etc).

The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising cannabinoids or mimics thereof. In one aspect, the invention provides transdermal formulations comprising cannabinoids or mimics thereof. In another aspect, the invention provides topical formulations comprising cannabinoids or mimics thereof. In one embodiment the formulations and compositions of the invention comprise nano colloidal silica. The formulations of the invention can be used in the therapeutic treatment of many conditions, including wherein the cannabinoids or mimics thereof are known to reduce the excessive neuronal firing characteristic of neuropathic pain. Muscle spasticity is also benefited by these formulations.

The invention relates to a method for detecting weak edges of images on the basis of discharge information of multilayer neuron groups. The method includes constructing the multilayer neuron groups with interconnected inhibitory synapses, inputting digital images into input-layer neuron groups and representing image pixels by the time-space information of first discharge of various neurons; describing space details of the images by time variances by the aid of visual receptive fields and discharge time sequences of the various neurons, selecting attentive mechanisms in the consideration of lateral inhibition so as to acquire visual attention data of information of the images; implementing space variable-resolution mechanisms on the basis of a combination of selective attention procedures by the aid of Log-Gabor multi-direction filter results, acquiring reconstructed information of the edges of the images and reinforcing the information of the edges of the images by the aid of output-layer neuron groups. The method has the advantages that a synapse interconnection characteristic of the neuron groups is taken into consideration; simple visual information procedures of cortices are reflected by the aid of multi-direction filter mechanisms; the weak edges of the images can be effectively detected by the aid of the multilayer neuron groups.

A method of treating a movement disorder in a subject is disclosed. The method comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of cells capable of modifying a neuronal discharge of the subject, thereby treating the movement disorder in the subject, wherein said administering is effected at a site selected from the group consisting of internal globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra pars reticulate.

The invention relates to a neuron discharge spike signal picking method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: preprocessing a to-be-picked neuron discharge signal to obtain a continuous filtering discharge signal; performing energy calculation on the continuous filtering discharge signal to obtain a continuous energy signal; performing peakvalue statistics on the continuous energy signal to determine an energy peak value; establishing a cumulative distribution function of chi-square distribution according to the continuous energy signals for analysis, and determining a picking threshold; screening the energy peak values through a preliminary peak value extraction model constructed by the picking threshold value to obtain a preliminary peak value; extracting a signal segment in the continuous filtering discharge signal according to the preliminary peak value to obtain a discharge signal segment; and analyzing the discharge signalsegment according to the picking threshold, and determining a neuron discharge peak signal. Through the method, the robustness of picking the neuron discharge spike signals is stronger, and the accuracy of the picking result is also improved.

The invention discloses a motion monitoring system. The motion monitoring system comprises electrophysiological calculation equipment, a motion acquisition device, an electrophysiological data communication device and an electrophysiological recording device, wherein the electrophysiological calculation equipment comprises a central control device, and the motion acquisition device acquires 3D motion data of a to-be-monitored object and sends the 3D motion data to the central control device; the central control device generates a start instruction and an end instruction according to a triggerby a user, analyzes the 3D motion data, obtains motion state data, and records target motion state data between the start instruction and the end instruction; the electrophysiological data communication device sends generation time of the start instruction and the end instruction and the target motion state data to the electrophysiological recording device; and the electrophysiological recording device marks the received generation time in the electrophysiological data generated in neuron activities of the to-be-monitored object, and determines and records the electrophysiological data matchedwith the target motion state data. The scheme improves the matching degree of animal behaviors and neuron discharge activities in accuracy and time.

The invention relates to an ARM-based embedded modular neural nucleus simulation platform, which can simulate a BG-TH network in real time through a neuron discharge characteristic module, a synaptic data transmission module, a miniature relay array, a modular assembly mode and upper computer debugging software, supports real-time adjustment, expansion and cutting of the network, and can simulate the BG-TH network in real time. And simulation of the BG-TH network in various intervention modes can be realized through an upper computer or by applying external stimulation. The development time of simulation of different nervous system disease states is greatly shortened, the essence of lesion and degeneration of the BG-TH network is further revealed on the level of neurons and synapses, and the BG-TH network is kept consistent with a real biological network on the time scale. The method is of great significance for exploring various nervous system diseases and related treatment schemes thereof.

The invention includes a recordation and stimulation system for determining and delivering an electrical stimulation treatment based upon the current status of neuronal activity of a subject. The system include components for detecting neuronal activity in a subject's brain and, based upon the information received, determine an appropriate electrical stimulation treatment for the subject. The system allows immediate adjustments to the stimulation treatment as the needs of the subject change over time. The invention also includes a method for determining whether a subject has early Parkinson's Disease or advanced Parkinson's Disease. The method includes the steps of acquiring information regarding neuronal discharges in certain areas of the brain, creating a ratio based upon the neuronal activity, and determining whether a previous medical diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease is accurate.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure support a technique for neuronal firing modulation via noise control. Response curve of a typical neuron with a threshold can transition from not firing to always firing with a very small change in the neuron's input, thus limiting the range of excitable input patterns for the neuron. By introducing local, region and global noise terms, the slope of the neuron's response curve can be reduced. This may enable a larger set of input spike patterns to be effective in causing the neuron to fire, i.e., the neuron can be responsive to a large range of input patterns instead of an inherently small set of patterns in a noiseless situation.

The invention provides a microneedle for a nerve interface, which comprises at least two body electrodes, and the lengths of the at least two body electrodes are not equal. The microneedle is provided with the body electrodes with different lengths, and compared with an existing microneedle type nerve interface device, multi-electrode contact recording and nerve cell discharge information collection of different depths can be achieved.