33results about "Screw type gasifiers" patented technology

Aspects of the invention are associated with the discovery of approaches for the conversion of carbonaceous feeds, such as biomass and biomass-containing solids via thermal treatment. Particular examples of biomass-containing solids are municipal solid waste (MSW), as well as waste plastics and waste tires. In some cases, this conversion, such as by pyrolysis, will allow for straightforward integration with gasification (e.g., entrained-flow gasification) or partial oxidation. Advantageously, processes and associated apparatuses / equipment described herein are tailored to the physical and chemical properties of the feeds. In this regard, important advantages reside in auger reactors that include electric heating elements within one or more auger shafts. Such centralized heating may be used in combination with external heating, for example also utilizing electric heaters. With centralized heating, the surface area available for heat transfer into the feedstock may be increased dramatically (e.g., by a factor of 3 to 5).

The present technology relates to converting plastic waste into sustainable fuels and other valuable chemicals using: (i) a pyrolysis reactor equipped with a dual fuel heating system, which is heated by electricity in a first run of pyrolysis process, and after thermal decomposition of the plastic waste, is heated by combustion a synthesis gas produced from a pyrolysis reaction, and (ii) a pyrolysis system comprising a first pyrolysis reactor and a second pyrolysis reactor operating in series, in which the second pyrolysis reactor is heated by a gas or electricity resulting from the first pyrolysis reactor; therefore, after the first pyrolysis reactor is operated, both the pyrolysis reactors can work without the need for external energy supply by burning pyrolysis products to generate heat or converting them to the electricity needed to dry waste feedstock and operate the pyrolysis reactors.

The present invention relates to a system for extracting hydrogen from chemical organic feedstocks, comprising: a thermal gasifier supplied with a chemical-organic feedstock, the thermal gasifier configured to heat the feedstock to a temperature of at least 800°C while conveying the feedstock through the thermal gasifier by an auger and to collect hot gases; a duct line configured to convey the hot gas to a high temperature reformer that subjects the hot gas to a temperature of 1200°C to 1400°C and releases a high temperature reformed gas; a duct line for conveying the hot reformed gas to a heating chamber of the thermal gasifier, the heating chamber including a chamber outlet for discharging the reformed gas after circulating within the heating chamber; a duct line conveying the reformed gas from the chamber outlet to a device configured to separate hydrogen from the reformed gas; and A hydrogen reservoir for the hydrogen produced by the device.

A method for generating syngas comprising heating cellulosic material in a vessel comprising a pathway and a heat generator in thermal communication with the pathway to thermally degenerate the cellulosic material by pyrolysis, the cellulosic material forming biochar and releasing syngas when undergoing pyrolysis, displacing the generated syngas along the pathway to thereby filter the syngas through at least one of the cellulosic material and the biochar undergoing pyrolysis, reacting at least a portion of the generated syngas with catalytic material presented along the pathway for reforming the at least a portion of the generated syngas being displaced along the pathway, and discharging the filtered syngas from the vessel. The cellulosic material comprising at least one of woodchips, wood pellets, biomass and biowaste.

A horizontal gasifier features a closed body (3) with thermal insulation containing a helical feed screw (4) for the feedstock (2), a vertical feed inlet (1) for the feedstock (2) located at one end of the body (3), an inlet (7) for the oxidizing gas (6), and an ash collector (5) at the other end of the body (3), and an outlet (9) for volatile products (8). The gasifier is characterized by a gasification zone (21) in the final section of the body (3), with the shaft (4b) of the helical feeder (4) being completely hollow along its length and equipped with inlet openings (18) for introducing a supplementary portion of oxidizing gas (6) located in a segment extending beyond the body (3) on the side where the feed inlet (1) is located, and outlet openings (20) for this portion of oxidizing gas located in the gasification zone (21).

The invention discloses a preparation method, application and system of feed gas for methanol synthesis, and the preparation method of the feed gas for methanol synthesis comprises the following steps: pyrolyzing a mixture containing an organic raw material and alkali under an anaerobic condition to prepare H2-rich gas and obtain a pyrolyzed solid-phase residue; the pyrolysis solid-phase residues are placed in a water vapor environment to be subjected to a gasification reaction, and mixed gas containing H2, CO and CO2 is prepared; the H2-rich gas and the mixed gas are mixed, feed gas for methanol synthesis is obtained, and the feed gas for methanol synthesis meets the formula that (VH2-VCO2) / (VCO + VCO2) = 1.9-2.3. In-situ decarburization and desulfurization can be realized through raw material pyrolysis in which alkali participates, the contents of CH4 and COx in H2-rich gas are effectively reduced, complete conversion of organic raw materials is realized through high-temperature gasification reaction, and meanwhile, tempering of the raw material gas for methanol synthesis is completed, so that the component proportion of the raw material gas meets the basic requirements of methanol synthesis, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the raw materials is favorably improved.

A method of processing biomass is disclosed. The method includes providing biomass to a pyrolysis kiln, where the biomass has a moisture content of less than 40% and an ash content of less than 50%, and where the biomass has a biomass input temperature of less than 125°C. The method continues with heating at least an upstream portion of the pyrolysis kiln to maintain an upstream kiln temperature of between 800°C and 1250°C, and feeding the biomass through the pyrolysis kiln for a pyrolysis duration of 5 to 60 minutes to produce a kiln output that includes biocarbon and syngas. The biomass increases from the biomass input temperature to a biomass reaction temperature of at least 800°C in less than 25% of the pyrolysis duration. The method continues with discharging at least the biocarbon and the syngas from the pyrolysis kiln. Other methods and pyrolysis kilns are also disclosed.

The present inventive concept relates to a system for production and conditioning of high-quality biochar. The system comprises a gasification reactor adapted to transform biomass to syngas and biochar by a first thermochemical conversion and a biochar purification unit adapted to subject the biochar to a second thermochemical conversion and thereby prolonging conversion residence time. A first part of the biochar purification unit comprises a biochar inlet fluidly connected to the gasification reactor and a second part of the biochar purification unit, arranged downstream from the first part, comprises an inert gas inlet for purging the biochar within the biochar purification unit.

The application provides a device and a process for gasification and ashing of carbon-containing organic matter, and relates to the technical field of carbon-containing organic matter treatment. The device comprises a cylindrical furnace body, a cylindrical shaft vertically arranged in the furnace body, and multiple layers of furnace beds perpendicular to the cylindrical shaft. Each of the furnace beds is circumferentially provided with a hollow rotating rake and a magnetic force generator. The rotating rake is in communication with the cylindrical shaft, and the gap between the rotating rake and the magnetic force generator in the furnace bed is provided with a bed of piezoelectric material. A multistage and multipole magnetic field with a temperature of less than 500 DEG C is formed in the device. At this time, oxygen molecules are ionized to form plasma, and the reaction capacity is greatly increased. Meanwhile, a large amount of electrons are released from the pyroelectric material. In a magnetic field with a strength of 0.1-0.5 T, the electrons continuously and orderly pour down the carbon-containing organic matter like a waterfall at a speed of 1.43-3.19 x 10 3 m / s, so that the cohesion of the organic matter is seriously weakened and gradually decomposed, and the gasification and ashing processes are completed.

Exemplary embodiments provide a pyro gasifyer apparatus and method that may be used in a pyro-gasification system. According to an example embodiment, a loading unit may receive waste and a pyro gasifier unit may receive the waste and convert it into purified syngas through a two-stage process using exhaust gas and a gasifying agent. An engine may receive the purified syngas and generate the exhaust gas, such that a gasifying unit may generate the gasifying agent using energy provided by the exhaust gas. A control unit may monitor and control the amount of the purified syngas, the exhaust gas, and the gasifying agent.

A system includes a biochar pyrolysis reactor having a reactor vessel. The biochar pyrolysis reactor further includes a first inlet coupled to the reactor vessel, wherein the first inlet is configured to receive a biomass feedstock. The biochar pyrolysis reactor further includes a second inlet coupled to the reactor vessel, wherein the second inlet is configured to receive a thermal fluid having heat from a gas turbine system, and the thermal fluid is configured to heat the biomass feedstock to cause a pyrolysis reaction of the biomass feedstock to generate a biochar and a syngas. The biochar pyrolysis reactor further includes a first outlet coupled to the reactor vessel, wherein the first outlet is configured to output the biochar. The biochar pyrolysis reactor further includes a second outlet coupled to the reactor vessel, wherein the second outlet is configured to output the syngas.

The invention relates to a method for splitting fuels by thermal decomposition of the fuel into fuel gas and coal within a reactor (3) which extends in a longitudinal direction (L) from an inlet section (7) of the reactor (3) to an outlet section (9) of the reactor (3), characterized by the method steps: a. feeding the fuel into the inlet section (7) of the reactor (3), wherein a gas space (16) is formed above a fuel bed in the reactor (3) above the fed fuel, b. conveying the fuel bed within the reactor (3) from the inlet section (7) of the reactor (3) to the outlet section (9) of the reactor (3) by means of a mechanical conveying device (15), c. splitting the solid fuel by thermal decomposition by partial gasification by means of partial oxidation, d. Suction of fuel gas from the gas space (16) at a suction point (27) of the reactor (3) into a recirculation system (25), e.Returning the fuel gas from the recirculation system (25) into the gas space (16) at a feed point (37) of the reactor (3) remote from the extraction point (27) of the reactor (3), and f. Expelling the at least partially decomposed fuel from the reactor (3) in the outlet section (9).

A system and process for the resultant gas constituent-controlled gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock uses feedback loop-controlled pyrolysis to produce a stable and predictable gas product from

The invention relates to a process for cleavage of fuels by thermal breakdown of the fuel to give fuel gas and charcoal within a reactor (3) that extends in a longitudinal direction (L) from an entry section (7) of the reactor (3) to an exit section (9) of the reactor (3), characterized by the process steps of: a. feeding the fuel into the entry section (7) of the reactor (3), with formation of a gas space (16) above a bed of the supplied fuel in the reactor (3), b. conveying the bed of fuel within the reactor (3) from the entry section (7) of the reactor (3) to the exit section (9) of the reactor (3) by means of a mechanical conveying device (15), c. cleaving the solid fuel by thermal breakdown by partial gasification by means of partial oxidation, d. sucking fuel gas out of the gas space (16) at a suction site (27) in the reactor (3) into a recirculation system (25), e. feeding the fuel gas from the recirculation system (25) back into the gas space (16) at a feed point (37) in the reactor (3) which is at a distance from the suction site (27) in the reactor (3), and f. discharging the at least partly broken-down fuel from the reactor (3) in the exit section (9).

The present application discloses a device and method for rapidly preparing carbon from straws and recycling and treating flue gas and smoke dust. The device includes a pyrolysis and carbonization chamber and a collection and separation chamber which are communicated with each other; the pyrolysis and carbonization chamber and the collection and separation chamber are communicated with each other through a flue gas inlet; the collection and separation chamber includes a separation area in which a sprayer I is further disposed; and flue gas enters the separation area through the flue gas inlet and is then discharged. The method includes: introducing straws that are ignited outside into a pyrolysis and carbonization chamber; introducing flue gas produced by the pyrolysis and carbonization chamber in running into a collection and separation chamber via a flue gas inlet, and at least separately treating the flue gas in a separation area in the collection and separation chamber; and introducing the flue gas into the separation area, and converting main component-biomass energy in the flue gas into straw vinegar using a sprayer I in the separation area. In the present application, the gaseous biomass energy is continuously recycled and converted, and the main component-biomass energy in the flue gas is converted into the straw vinegar for recycling, so that the utilization rate of biomass energy of straws of the original device is increased by 30-33% to 50%.

The present invention relates both to an integrated system of devices, which we will refer to as the system, SID or SID system, and to the procedure for efficiently producing a final gas, with hydrogen as the main volumetric component, from a raw gas from a carbon-based material. This is achieved using a hydro-photo catalytic reaction at a lower pressure and temperature than conventional gas reforming systems.

A system and process for the resultant gas constituent-controlled gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock uses a feedback loop-controlled pyrolysis step to produce a stable and predictable gas produc

The present invention relates both to an integrated system of devices, which we will refer to as the system, SID or SID system, and to the procedure for efficiently producing a final gas, with hydrogen as the main volumetric component, from a raw gas from a carbon-based material. This is achieved using a hydro-photo catalytic reaction at a lower pressure and temperature than conventional gas reforming systems.

To provide an integrated system and a procedure both, for a device for efficient generation of a final gas containing hydrogen as the main volume component from a raw material gas derived from a carbon-based material.SOLUTION: An integrated system is achieved by using a hydrogen photocatalytic reaction under lower pressure and temperature than conventional gas modification systems. This invention also includes an option for obtaining a final gas free from CO2 exhausts, solid wastes and, liquid wastes.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Aspects of the invention are associated with the discovery of approaches for the conversion of carbonaceous feeds, such as biomass and biomass-containing solids via thermal treatment. Particular examples of biomass-containing solids are municipal solid waste (MSW), as well as waste plastics and waste tires. In some cases, this conversion, such as by pyrolysis, will allow for straightforward integration with gasification (e.g., entrained-flow gasification) or partial oxidation. Advantageously, processes and associated apparatuses / equipment described herein are tailored to the physical and chemical properties of the feeds. In this regard, important advantages reside in auger reactors that include electric heating elements within one or more auger shafts. Such centralized heating may be used in combination with external heating, for example also utilizing electric heaters. With centralized heating, the surface area available for heat transfer into the feedstock may be increased dramatically (e.g., by a factor of 3 to 5).

The invention pertains to a system for extracting hydrogen from a chemically organic feedstock, comprising: a thermo-gasifier supplied with the chemically organic feedstock and adapted to heat it up the feedstock to a temperature of at least 800°C while conveying it inside a gasification chamber by an auger and to collect a thermogas, a duct line to convey the thermogas to a high temperature reformer exposing it to a temperature comprised between 1200°C and 1,400°C and releasing a high temperature reformed gas, a duct line conveying the high temperature reformed gas to a heat chamber of the thermo-gasifier, the heat chamber comprising a chamber outlet to release the reformed gas after circulation in the heat chamber, a duct line conveying the reformed gas from the chamber outlet to an installation adapted to separate hydrogen from the reformed gas, and a hydrogen storage for the hydrogen produced by the installation.

Electric-powered, closed-loop, continuous-feed, endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods are disclosed. In one embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a shaftless auger. In another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a drag conveyor. In yet another embodiment, the presently disclosed energy-conversion system includes a distillation and / or fractionating stage. The endothermic energy-conversion systems and methods feature mechanisms for natural resource recovery, refining, and recycling, such as secondary recovery of metals, minerals, nutrients, and / or carbon char.

Methods and apparatuses for producing fuel and power from the reformation of organic waste include the use of steam to produce syngas in a Fischer-Tropsch reaction, followed by conversion of that syngas product to hydrogen. Some embodiments include the use of a heated auger both to heat the organic waste and further cool the syngas.

A method of processing biomass is disclosed. The method includes providing biomass to a pyrolysis kiln, where the biomass has a moisture content of less than 40% and an ash content of less than 50%, and where the biomass has a biomass input temperature of less than 125° C. The method continues with heating at least an upstream portion of the pyrolysis kiln to maintain an upstream kiln temperature of between 800° C. and 1250° C., and feeding the biomass through the pyrolysis kiln for a pyrolysis duration of 5 to 60 minutes to produce a kiln output that includes biocarbon and syngas. The biomass increases from the biomass input temperature to a biomass reaction temperature of at least 800° C. in less than 25% of the pyrolysis duration. The method continues with discharging at least the biocarbon and the syngas from the pyrolysis kiln. Other methods and pyrolysis kilns are also disclosed.

1. A method and reactor assembly for producing hydrocarbon oils by pyrolysis from a first plastic feedstock, comprising: optionally combining the plastic feedstock with a second feedstock selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock selected from crumb rubber and wood chunks, the second feedstock constituting more than 15% by weight of the combined feedstocks; adding a catalyst to the combined feedstocks to form a reaction composition; feeding the reaction composition through an airlock valve (7) to an auger pyrolysis reactor comprising at least two auger reactors (1a, 1b) heated to a temperature in the range of 450-550°C; distributing oil vapors and non-condensable vapors from the auger reactors (1a, 1b) to a condenser; and condensing heavy and light oil fractions from the vapors in two stages.

The invention pertains to a system for extracting hydrogen from a chemically organic feedstock, comprising: a thermo-gasifier supplied with the chemically organic feedstock and adapted to heat it up the feedstock to a temperature of at least 800°C while conveying it inside a gasification chamber by an auger and to collect a thermogas, a duct line to convey the thermogas to a high temperature reformer exposing it to a temperature comprised between 1200°C and 1,400°C and releasing a high temperature reformed gas, a duct line conveying the high temperature reformed gas to a heat chamber of the thermo-gasifier, the heat chamber comprising a chamber outlet to release the reformed gas after circulation in the heat chamber, a duct line conveying the reformed gas from the chamber outlet to an installation adapted to separate hydrogen from the reformed gas, and a hydrogen storage for the hydrogen produced by the installation.

A system and process for the resultant gas constituent-controlled gasification of a carbonaceous feedstock uses feedback loop-controlled pyrolysis to produce a stable and predictable gas product from a variable or unknown feedstock, such as MSW, that may include methane, ethane, and other desirable hydrocarbon gases, and a solid product, that includes activated Carbon or Carbon.

The invention pertains to a system for extracting hydrogen from an organic feedstock, comprising:a thermolyzer supplied with the organic feedstock and adapted to heat it up the feedstock to a temperature of at least 800° C. while conveying it inside a gasification chamber by an auger and to collect a thermogas,a duct line to convey the thermogas to a high temperature reformer exposing it to a temperature comprised between 1200° C. and 1,400° C. and releasing a high temperature reformed gas,a duct line conveying the high temperature reformed gas to a heat chamber of the thermolyzer, the heat chamber comprising a chamber outlet to release the reformed gas after circulation in the heat chamber,a duct line conveying the reformed gas from the chamber outlet to an installation adapted to separate hydrogen from the reformed gas, anda hydrogen storage for the hydrogen produced by the installation.

A method and reactor assembly for pyrolysis-based production of hydrocarbon oils from a first plastic raw material, comprising optionally combining the plastic raw material with a second raw material selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon containing raw material selected among crumb rubber and wood chunks in an amount constituting more than 15 % by weight of the combined raw material adding a catalyst to the combined raw materials to thereby form a reaction composition, charging the reaction composition through an airlock valve (7) to an auger pyrolysis reactor (1a, 1b, 1c) comprising at least two auger reactors (1a, 1b) heated to a temperature in the range 450 – 550 °C, diverting oil vapours and non-condensable vapours from the auger reactors (1a, 1b) to a condensing device (11, 12), condensing in two steps a heavy oil fraction and a light oil fraction from said vapours.

The horizontal gasifier features a closed body (3) with thermal insulation containing a helical feed screw (4) for the feedstock (2), a vertical feed inlet (1) for the feedstock (2) located at one end of the body (3), an inlet (7) for the oxidizing gas (6), and an ash collector (5) at the other end of the body (3), and an outlet (9) for volatile products (8). The gasifier is characterized by a gasification zone (21) in the final section of the body (3), with the shaft (4b) of the helical feeder (4) being completely hollow along its length and equipped with inlet openings (18) for introducing a supplementary portion of oxidizing gas (6) located in a segment extending beyond the body (3) on the side where the feed inlet (1) is located, and outlet openings (20) for this portion of oxidizing gas located in the gasification zone (21). The outlet (9) for volatile products (8) is positioned between the feed inlet (1) and the inlet (7) for the oxidizing gas (6). Both the inlets (7) and (18) for the oxidizing gas (6) are equipped with independent mass flow meters (6a) and (6b) connected to at least two temperature sensors (23) placed within the body (3). The invention also encompasses a method for the thermochemical conversion of combustible carbonaceous material (2) in a horizontal gasifier.