The present application relates to the technical field of roadbed monitoring, and particularly relates to a roadbed settlement automatic
monitoring system and method based on
optical fiber sensing technology, comprising a
fiber grating demodulator, a plurality of strain optical cables arranged along the longitudinal direction of the roadbed, and a plurality of transverse deformation correction units, the strain optical cables are arranged between the base
bed bottom layer and the base
bed surface layer and are connected with the
fiber grating demodulator; the plurality of transverse deformation correction units are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the roadbed at intervals, and are used for monitoring the actual deformation amount of each strain optical cable at the cross section. The strain optical cables are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the roadbed, so that long-distance
continuous measurement and monitoring can be realized; meanwhile, a plurality of transverse deformation correction units are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the roadbed at intervals, the actual deformation amount of the strain optical cables at a plurality of cross sections is monitored, the deformation amount of the strain optical cables in the whole section is corrected, and the monitoring precision of long-distance
continuous monitoring of the
optical fiber is improved.