The invention relates to an out-of-season straw mushroom cultivation method. The method specifically includes when straw mushrooms are cultivated in autumn and winter, additionally arranging a small shed on a mushroom cultivation bed frame to achieve the objective of heat insulation, and additionally arranging an electric heating wire in a culture material to achieve the objective of temperature increase. By implementing the method, the defect that existing out-of-season cultivation methods are high in infrastructure input, complex and tedious in process, large in difficulty in management, high in cost and the like is overcome, and a novel out-of-season straw mushroom cultivation way which is more investment saving and higher in efficiency is provided. By implementing the method, temperature most suitable for growing of the straw mushrooms can be acquired by adjusting, so that mycelia are quick in germinating, good in growing, quick and dense in squaring, high in fruiting yield, high in quality, low in defective rate and sufficient in late-stage growing. In addition, by out-of-season cultivation of the straw mushrooms in autumn and winter, requirements of people on the straw mushrooms can be met, and the characteristic of low air temperature in autumn and winter can be utilized, so that microbial contamination is reduced, opening of the straw mushrooms after being picked is delayed, and transportation and freshness preservation are facilitated.