The invention provides a preparation technology of a copper and aluminum combined flat wire. Firstly, copper and aluminum combined blanks are formed through horizontal continuous casting direct combination, and the area proportion of a wrapping copper layer is 15-50%. The preparation technology includes the following steps that firstly, rolling is performed, wherein a hole shape rolling technology is adopted, and the machining rate reaches 75-85% after rolling ends; secondly, drawing is performed, wherein drawing speed is controlled within 3-40 m / min, the thickness reduction amount of each pass is controlled to be 0.1-1.5 mm, the width reduction amount of each pass is controlled to be 0.1-2 mm, and the cross area total reduction amount is controlled to be 40-99% after drawing; thirdly, annealing is performed. The copper and aluminum combined flat wire can be prepared just through the horizontal continuous casting composite forming technology of copper and aluminum combined rod blanks, rolling, drawing and annealing, and efficient, short-process, high-yield and low-cost production of the copper and aluminum combined flat wire is achieved. The thickness of the copper layer of the copper and aluminum combined flat wire produced through the method is adjustable, the interface bonding strength is high and is larger than or equal to 40 Mpa, and a ten-thousand-ton-level industrialized production line and large-scale production of the copper and aluminum combined flat wire can be achieved through the method.