90results about How to "Low layer" patented technology

A programmable resistor memory, such as a phase change memory, with a memory element comprising narrow vertical side wall active pins is described. The side wall active pins comprise a programmable resistive material, such as a phase change material. In a first aspect of the invention, a method of forming a memory cell is described which comprises forming a stack comprising a first electrode having a principal surface with a perimeter, an insulating layer overlying a portion of the principal surface of the first electrode, and a second electrode vertically separated from the first electrode and overlying the insulating layer. Side walls on the insulating layer and on the second electrode are positioned over the principle surface of the first electrode with a lateral offset from the perimeter of the first electrode.

An electrochemical device, especially an electrically controllable system with variable energy and/or optical properties or a photovoltaic device, including at least one substrate carrying an electroactive stack of layers arranged between a lower electrode and an upper electrode. Each electrode includes at least one electroconductive layer in electrical contact with at least one current lead. The current leads are arranged outside the region of the carrier substrate that is covered by the stack of electroactive layers.

An extruded blow molded bottle comprises a neck portion and a body portion. The body portion comprises a first inner layer and a second layer. The first inner layer comprises a first material selected from a group consisting of polyester, phenoxy type thermoplastics, phenoxy-polyolefin thermoplastic blends, and combinations thereof. The second layer comprises a second material selected from a group consisting of virgin PET, recycled PET, PETG, foam, polypropylene, polyester, polyolefins, phenoxy type thermoplastic, phenoxy-polyolefin thermoplastic blends, regrind scrap materials, and combinations thereof. The second material is different from the first material.

Adhesion of a porous low K film to an underlying barrier layer is improved by forming an intermediate layer lower in carbon content, and richer in silicon oxide, than the overlying porous low K film. This adhesion layer can be formed utilizing one of a number of techniques, alone or in combination. In one approach, the adhesion layer can be formed by introduction of a rich oxidizing gas such as O₂/CO₂/etc. to oxidize Si precursors immediately prior to deposition of the low K material. In another approach, thermally labile chemicals such as alpha-terpinene, cymene, and any other non-oxygen containing organics are removed prior to low K film deposition. In yet another approach, the hardware or processing parameters, such as the manner of introduction of the non-silicon containing component, may be modified to enable formation of an oxide interface prior to low K film deposition. In still another approach, parameters of ebeam treatment such as dosage, energy, or the use of thermal annealing, may be controlled to remove carbon species at the interface between the barrier and the low K film. In a further approach, a pre-treatment plasma may be introduced prior to low k deposition to enhance heating of the barrier interface, such that a thin oxide interface is formed when low K deposition gases are introduced and the low K film is deposited.

An optical film having an optically-transparent substrate, and a low refractive index layer having a thickness d on one side of the optically-transparent substrate, a polarizing plate and a display panel provided with the same, and a display provided with the same.

To provide an EUV mask blank provided with a low reflective layer, which has excellent properties as an EUV mask blank. A reflective mask blank for EUV lithography comprising a substrate, and a reflective layer for reflecting EUV light, an absorber layer for absorbing EUV light and a low reflective layer to an inspection light (wavelength: 190 to 260 nm) for a mask pattern, formed in this order on the substrate, wherein the low reflective layer has a stacked structure having a first layer containing at least 95 at % in total of silicon (Si) and nitrogen (N), and a second layer containing at least 95 at % in total of tantalum (Ta), oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N) or a second layer containing at least 95 at % in total of tantalum (Ta) and nitrogen (N), stacked in this order from the absorber layer side.

An MTJ in an MRAM array or TMR read head is disclosed in which a low magnetization capping layer is a composite having a NiFeHf inner layer formed on a NiFe or CoFeB/NiFe free layer, a Ta middle layer, and a Ru outer layer on the Ta layer. For example, a low magnetization NiFeHf layer is achieved by co-sputtering NiFe and Hf targets with a forward power of 400 W and 200 W, respectively. A higher Hf content increases the oxygen gettering power of the NiFeHf layer and the thickness is modified to change dR/R, RA, and magnetostriction values. A so-called dead layer between the free layer and capping layer is restored by incorporating a NiFeHf layer on the free layer to improve lattice matching. The Fe content in the NiFe target used to make the NiFeHf layer is preferably the same as in the NiFe free layer.

An automotive fuel hose excellent in interlaminar adhesion between a low permeability resin layer and a rubber layer, wherein the low permeability resin layer and the rubber layer are directly adhered to each other without forming an adhesive layer at the interface between both layers. The automotive fuel hose has a laminated structure of a low permeability resin layer and a rubber layer, the low permeability resin layer is formed by the following (A) and the rubber layer is formed by the following (B). (A) a polyphenylene sulfide resin containing a softening component, or a modified fluororesin. (B) a rubber composition composed of at least one of an amine additive and an amine vulcanizing agent as an essential component.

A wide bandgap insulated gate semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate made of semiconductor having a bandgap wider than silicon; n⁻ drift layer over the semiconductor substrate; p-channel regions selectively disposed over the drift layer; n⁺ semiconductor regions selectively disposed in respective surfaces in the channel regions; a plurality of p⁺ base regions in contact with bottoms of the respective channel regions; a protruding drift layer portion that is n-type region interposed between the p-channel regions and the p⁺ base regions thereunder; a gate electrode formed, through a gate insulating film, on the protruding drift layer portion and on respective surfaces of the p-channel regions; a source electrode in contact with the n⁺ semiconductor regions in the channel regions; and a p⁺ floating region inside the protruding drift layer portion, having side faces respectively facing side faces of the second conductivity type base regions, wherein respective gaps between the p⁺ base regions and the p⁺ floating region defined by the respective side faces have a wide portion and a narrow portion.

Expandable packers and methods of using same are described. The expandable packers include an anti-extrusion layer comprising a fibrous layer having a first surface adjacent an outer surface of an inner expandable elastomeric member, and a cable layer adjacent the fibrous layer, the cable layer comprising a plurality of stacked unidirectional layers of cables. The cable layer is adapted to form a barrier substantially devoid of gaps through which the inner elastomer member would otherwise extrude into upon expansion of the inner elastomeric member. This abstract allows a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the disclosure. It will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b).

A reflection-reducing interference layer system is disclosed, which has at least three alternating layers having different refractive indices. At least one nanostructured layer comprising an organic material or an organic-inorganic hybrid material is applied to the alternating layers. With the interference layer system, it is possible to obtain very low reflection over a wide wavelength and incident angle range.

Ceramic membranes with integral seals and support, and related electrochemical cells and cell stacks. The membrane comprises a thin electrolyte layer supported on a porous electrode layer which in turn is supported on a thick ceramic support layer, preferably a ceramic electrolyte support. The support layer is divided into a plurality of self-supporting thin membrane regions by a network of thicker integrated support ribs. The thin electrolyte layer and thick ceramic support layer preferably define a sealing perimeter surrounding the porous electrode layer.

A system for quickly and reliably detecting a failed structure includes a signal source, a cable attached to the structure, an anti-slip cable anchor, a signal detector, and user indicator. When the structure fails, the cable attached to the structure is also broken. The user indicator is operable to display the status of the cable. The cable breaks due to exceeding the elastic modulus of the cable, caused by elongation of the distance between two fixed points caused by the failing structure. Electric power must be provided to each signal source, signal detector and user indicator.

A vertical or short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) airplane is described having a vertical form factor. Making the airplane tall has many advantages when operating in hover mode close to the ground. Several variations of the design are described. The preferred embodiment consists of two tall fuselage² structures having an airfoil shape in plan view. As high above the ground as practical a “lift wing” spans the space between these fuselages. This wing may be equipped with lift augmentation systems to facilitate V/STOL flight. In the center of the span on the leading edge of the lift wing is placed a turboprop engine. Alternatively, the wing and attached engine can be made to tilt about a horizontal axis. For takeoff the wing will be tilted skyward. A second wing slightly below and behind the lift wing has a pusher engine located on the trailing edge. This lower wing and engine is also able to tilt about a horizontal axis parallel to the lift wing. During takeoff this lower engine is pointed downward toward the ground. This lower wing contains aerodynamic control surfaces to provide attitude and position control. Subsequent to liftoff the wings and engines tilt into a horizontal position to provide cruise lift and thrust. At the end of the flight the wings and attached engines are tilted back to provide vertical lift for hover, maneuvering, and soft landing.

² “Fuselage” is used here even though it substantially differs from the conventional fuselage (and its French origins meaning, “spindle shaped”) since in plan view it is an airfoil shape of large thickness. It will be used here for lack of a better word. Think of fuselage as meaning “where the pilot, passengers and cargo are located”.

A high refractive index layer of a cured first coating composition comprising (A) metal oxide fine particles selected from among titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, iron oxide, tin oxide, and compound oxides thereof and (B) a compound having an acrylic, methacrylic, vinyl or styryl group, and a low refractive index layer of a cured second coating composition comprising (D) voided silica-base inorganic oxide fine particles and (C) a compound having at least two epoxy and/or oxetane groups are successively stacked on a substrate to form an antireflection film.

An organic light emitting device having increased outcoupling efficiency, a lighting apparatus including the organic light emitting device, and an organic light emitting display apparatus including the organic light emitting device. The organic light emitting device includes a substrate, a first electrode layer that is uniformly patterned on the substrate, a low refractive conductive layer disposed on the first electrode layer, and having a conductive material with a lower refractive index than a refractive index of an organic layer that is disposed on the low refractive conductive layer, and a second electrode layer formed on the organic layer.

The present invention relates to an electro-static chuck with non-sintered AlN and a method of preparing the same. Especially, the present invention relates to the electro-static chuck with non-sintered AlN which having coated aluminum nitride (AlN) layer as a dielectric one on the purpose of chucking the wafers in the process of wafers and a method of preparing the same. The electro-static chuck of the present invention has excellent dielectric characteristics, bonding strength and thermal conductivity by forming an AlN layer as a dielectric one without sintering process or bonding process with binders.

The semiconductor device includes: a semiconductor substrate; a diffusion layer provided in the semiconductor substrate; a gate insulation film provided on the semiconductor substrate; a gate electrode provided on the gate insulation film; and a Ni silicide layer selectively provided on the diffusion layer, and a metal cap film having Co as a main component is selectively provided on the Ni silicide layer.

Provided are a centrifuge that rotates about a rotation axis to separate a material and a method of centrifugal separation. The container is coupled to the centrifuge to freely pivot upward and downward on a pivoting axis vertical to a rotation plane. The container has an opening at an upper end thereof and holds a material inside. An angle adjuster raises the central axis of the container beyond a perpendicular angle with the rotation axis while the centrifuge is rotating in order to arrange the opening of the container downward with respect to the rotation plane and point an end of the container opposite to the opening of the container upward with respect to the rotation plane, and allow a portion of layers formed during centrifugal separating to flow down through the opening.

A surface modifier comprising an organosilicone compound represented by General Formula (A) and/or General Formula (B): F—(CF₂)_q—(OC₃F₄)_m—(OC₂F₄)_n—(OCF₂)_o(CH₂)_pXX″Si(X′)_3-a(R¹)_a (A) and F—(CF₂)_q—(OC₃F₆)_m—(OC₂F₄)_n—(OCF₂)_o(CH₂)_pXX″(X′)_2-a(R¹)_aSiO(F—(CF₂)_q—(OC₃F₆)_m—(OC₂F₄)_n—(OCF₂)_o—(CH₂)_pXX″(X′)_1-a(R¹)_aSiO)_zF—(CF₂)_q—(OC₃F₆)_m—(OC₂F₄)_n—(OCF₂)_o(CH₂)_pXX″(X′)_2-a(R¹)_aSi(B) wherein q is an integer from 1 to 3; m, n, and o are independently integers from 0 to 200; p is 0, 1 or 2; X is oxygen or a bivalent organic spacer group: X″ is a bivalent organosilicone spacer group; X′ is hydrolysable group; and z is an integer from 0 to 10 when a is 0 or 1.

A laminate includes a first area formed by applying a first composition and a second area formed by applying a second composition on a surface of the first area, and a difference between refractive indexes of the first area and the second area is 0.5 or greater, and the first areas and the second areas are alternately laminated.

A photodetector with an improved electrostatic discharge damage threshold is disclosed, suitable for applications in telecommunication systems operating at elevated data rates. The photodetector may be a PIN or an APD fabricated in the InP compound semiconductor system. The increased ESD damage threshold is achieved by reducing the ESD induced current density in the photodetector by a suitable widening of the contact at a critical location, increasing the series resistance and promoting lateral current spreading by means of a current spreading layer.