312results about How to "Practical application" patented technology

An oxide semiconductor layer with excellent crystallinity is formed to enable manufacture of transistors with excellent electrical characteristics for practical application of a large display device, a high-performance semiconductor device, etc. By first heat treatment, a first oxide semiconductor layer is crystallized. A second oxide semiconductor layer is formed over the first oxide semiconductor layer. By second heat treatment, an oxide semiconductor layer including a crystal region having the c-axis oriented substantially perpendicular to a surface is efficiently formed and oxygen vacancies are efficiently filled. An oxide insulating layer is formed over and in contact with the oxide semiconductor layer. By third heat treatment, oxygen is supplied again to the oxide semiconductor layer. A nitride insulating layer containing hydrogen is formed over the oxide insulating layer. By fourth heat treatment, hydrogen is supplied at least to an interface between the second oxide semiconductor layer and the oxide insulating layer.

A multicolor light-emitting element using fluorescence and phosphorescence, which has a small number of manufacturing steps owing to a relatively small number of layers to be formed and is advantageous for practical application can be provided. In addition, a multicolor light-emitting element using fluorescence and phosphorescence, which has favorable emission efficiency is provided. A light-emitting element which includes a light-emitting layer having a stacked-layer structure of a first light-emitting layer exhibiting light emission from a first exciplex and a second light-emitting layer exhibiting phosphorescence is provided.

The present invention discloses structures to increase carrier mobility using engineered substrate technologies for a solid state device. Structures employing rare-earth compounds enable heteroepitaxy of different semiconductor materials of different orientations.

High speed printed circuit boards (PCBs) are disclosed comprising a dielectrics systems with the back-side trenches, prepregs, signal lines and ground-plans, wherein the signal line and ground-plan are located on the dielectrics. Using of the open trenches in the substrate help to reduce the microwave loss and dielectric constant and thus increasing the signal carrying speed of the interconnects. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simple high speed PCB using the conventional material and conventional PCB manufacturing which facilitates the design of circuits with controlled bandwidth based on the trench opening in the dielectrics, and affords excellent reliability. According to this present invention, high speed PCB with the interconnect system contains whole portion or portion of interconnects for high speed chips interconnects and that have have the dielectric system with opened trench or slot to reduce the microwave loss.

The invention relates to a safety level evaluation method a power grid, comprising the following steps of: firstly determining a supposed accident list, and sequentially disconnecting elements of the supposed accident list; after a certain element is disconnected, carrying out topological structure analysis and load flow calculation on a system, and then calculating a power grid loss load risk evaluation index, a power grid overload risk evaluation index, a power grid low voltage risk evaluation index and a power grid voltage collapse risk evaluation index; repeating the process till all the elements of the supposed accident list are completely calculated; and then calculating a system single-risk evaluation index and a system total-risk evaluation index. The invention introduces a risk theory and a utility theory to the safety evaluation of the power grid, separately diagnoses the safety of the system from different side surfaces, further obtains the risk evaluation index of the whole system by an analytic hierarchy process (AHP), obtains simple and clear results and has better discrimination and can reflect the occurrence possibility of different accidental accidents and severity degree of a consequence caused by the accidental accidents.

Multilayer high speed flex printed circuit boards (FLEX-PCBs) are disclosed including a dielectrics systems with the back-side trenches, adhesives, signal lines and ground planes, wherein the signal line and ground plane lane are located on the dielectrics. Using of the open trenches in the substrate help to reduce the microwave loss and dielectric constant and thus increasing the signal carrying speed of the interconnects. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simply constructed multiplayer high speed FLEX-PCB using the conventional material and conventional FLEX-PCB manufacturing which facilitates the design of circuits with controlled bandwidth based on the trench opening in the dielectrics, and affords excellent connection reliability. As the effective dielectric constant is reduced, the signal width is required to make wider or the dielectric thickness is required to make thinner keeping fixed characteristics impedance. The fundamental techniques disclosed here can also be used for high-speed packaging.

An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a multicolor light-emitting element that utilizes fluorescence and phosphorescence and is advantageous for practical application. The light-emitting element has a stacked-layer structure of a first light-emitting layer containing a host material and a fluorescent substance, a separation layer containing a substance having a hole-transport property and a substance having an electron-transport property, and a second light-emitting layer containing two kinds of organic compounds that form an exciplex and a substance that can convert triplet excitation energy into luminescence. Note that a light-emitting element in which light emitted from the first light-emitting layer has an emission spectrum peak on the shorter wavelength side than an emission spectrum peak of the second light-emitting layer is more effective.

A method and system of lossless compression of integer data using a novel backward-adaptive technique. The adaptive Run-Length and Golomb / Rice (RLGR) encoder and decoder (codec) and method switches between a Golomb / Rice (G / R) encoder mode only and using the G / R encoder combined with a Run-Length encoder. The backward-adaptive technique includes novel adaptation rules that adjust the encoder parameters after each encoded symbol. An encoder mode parameter and a G / R parameter are adapted. The encoding mode parameter controls whether the adaptive RLGR encoder and method uses Run-Length encoding and, if so, it is used. The G / R parameter is used in both modes to encode every input value (in the G / R only mode) or to encode the number or value after an incomplete run of zeros (in the RLGR mode). The adaptive RLGR codec and method also includes a decoder that can be precisely implemented based on the inverse of the encoder rules.

Ion implantation is carried out to form a p-well region and a source region in parts of a high resistance SiC layer on a SiC substrate, and a carbon film is deposited over the substrate. With the carbon film deposited over the substrate, annealing for activating the implanted dopant ions is performed, and then the carbon film is removed. Thus, a smooth surface having hardly any surface roughness caused by the annealing is obtained. Furthermore, if a channel layer is epitaxially grown, the surface roughness of the channel layer is smaller than that of the underlying layer. Since the channel layer having a smooth surface is provided, it is possible to obtain a MISFET with a high current drive capability.

A method and system of lossless compression of integer data using a novel backward-adaptive technique. The adaptive Run-Length and Golomb / Rice (RLGR) encoder and decoder (codec) and method switches between a Golomb / Rice (G / R) encoder mode only and using the G / R encoder combined with a Run-Length encoder. The backward-adaptive technique includes novel adaptation rules that adjust the encoder parameters after each encoded symbol. An encoder mode parameter and a G / R parameter are adapted. The encoding mode parameter controls whether the adaptive RLGR encoder and method uses Run-Length encoding and, if so, it is used. The G / R parameter is used in both modes to encode every input value (in the G / R only mode) or to encode the number or value after an incomplete run of zeros (in the RLGR mode). The adaptive RLGR codec and method also includes a decoder that can be precisely implemented based on the inverse of the encoder rules.

A method and system of lossless adaptive Golomb / Rice (G / R) encoding of integer data using a novel backward-adaptive technique having novel adaptation rules. The adaptive G / R encoder and decoder (codec) and method uses adaptation rules that adjust the G / R parameter after each codeword is generated. These adaptation rules include defining an adaptation value and adjusting the G / R parameter based on the adaptation value. If the adaptation value equals zero, then the G / R parameter is decreased by an integer constant. If the adaptation value equals one, then the G / R parameter is left unchanged. If the adaptation value is greater than one, then the G / R parameter is increased by the adaptation value. In addition, the adaptive G / R encoder and method include fractional adaptation, which defines a scaled G / R parameter in terms of the G / R parameter and updates and adapts the scaled G / R parameter to slow down the rate of adaptation.

High speed flex printed circuit boards (FLEX-PCBs) are disclosed comprising a dielectrics systems with the back-side trenches, adhesives, signal lines and ground-plans, wherein the signal line and ground-plan are located on the dielectrics. Using of the open trenches in the substrate help to reduce the microwave loss and dielectric constant and thus increasing the signal carrying speed of the interconnects. Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simply constructed high speed FLEX-PCB using the conventional material and conventional FLEX-PCB manufacturing which facilitates the design of circuits with controlled bandwidth based on the trench opening in the dielectrics, and affords excellent connection reliability. As the effective dielectric constant is reduced, the signal width is required to make wider or the dielectric thickness is required to make thinner keeping fixed characteristics impedance. The fundamental techniques disclosed here can also be used for high-speed packaging.

The invention discloses a system and method for analyzing and determining the influence of a large-scale charging pile to a community distribution system. The system comprises a monitoring centre for analyzing and determining the influence of the large-scale charging pile to the community distribution system and a data acquiring terminal for acquiring the data of the charging pile, wherein the data acquiring terminal communicates with the charging pile by a network. According to the invention, the community distribution system capacity model, a normal distribution model of the community power load and power time, and charging real-time data are combined, so as to compare the calculated community distribution load curve with the distribution system capacity model, so that the operation condition of the community distribution system is monitored, a coordination scheduling policy for the community distribution system operation is determined and the permeability of the community electric vehicle is assessed. Moreover, the charging behaviours of the community electric vehicle are controlled in a coordinated manner, the influence of the community electric vehicle to the distribution system and the electric energy quality is reduced, the permeability of the community electric vehicle is improved, and the community distribution system is ensured to safely and stably operate.

The invention discloses a short text classification method and apparatus. The method comprises the steps of performing word segmentation preprocessing on to-be-classified short texts and obtaining an extended word of each word obtained by word segmentation; obtaining weight values of each word and the extended word of each word according to a pre-constructed lexical item set; according to the weight values, obtaining a probability of each type that a short text belongs to by utilizing a plurality of SVM classification models; and determining the type that the short text belongs to according to a preset probability classification model. According to the short text classification method, the problem of short text characteristic sparsity is solved, the complexity due to the adoption of multiple classification models is effectively lowered, and actual application requirements are better met.

Reflectin proteins are proteins derived from cephalopods (certain species of squid) which have unusual optical properties. Disclosed herein are thin films of reflectin proteins which can be tuned to reflect infrared light. Advantageously, the films can be tuned dynamically over short time scales, to reflect at different wavelengths. Disclosed herein are novel infrared-reflective coatings, methods of making such coatings, and infrared-reflective objects such as textiles, building materials, and camouflage materials.

Ozonized biochar compositions and methods for creating advanced hydrophilic biochar materials are provided with higher cation exchange capacity, optimized pH, improved wettability, and free of potential toxic components. These ozonized biochar compositions are used as filtration materials, as biochar soil additives and as carbon sequestration agents to help control climate change for energy and environmental sustainability on Earth.

The invention relates to a mine liquid-CO2 fire preventing and extinguishing process and device for preventing and extinguishing fire by conveying liquid CO2 to an underground fire zone and injecting a fire zone by using the liquid CO2 and utilizing the liquid CO2 to asphyxiate oxygen in the fire zone, cool, decrease temperature and inertly suppress explosion. A mine liquid-CO2 fire preventing and extinguishing system comprises a liquid CO2 tank car (1), a liquid CO2 storage tank (2), a carburetor (10), a self-pressurization pipeline, a liquid inlet and outlet pipeline, and the like; and the fire preventing and extinguishing device comprises the liquid CO2 storage tank (2), the carburetor (10), the self-pressurization pipeline, the liquid inlet and outlet pipeline, and the like, wherein the self-pressurization pipeline comprises a self-pressurization liquid outlet pipeline and a self-pressurization gas intake pipeline and is combined with the carburetor (10) to form a self-pressurization system so as to realize the self comprehension of pressure in the tank. The invention solves the technical problem of the gasification and icing in the liquid CO2 tank and the pipeline conveying process, realizes safe transfer, storage, transmission and injection and has the advantages of high extinguishment speed, simpleness of operation, low cost, operation stability, remarkable fire extinguishment and prevention effects, wide practicability and the like.

The invention relates to a distributed model predictive control method for an urban road network system based on neighborhood optimization. The distributed model predictive control method comprises the following steps: 1) establishing a road section mathematical model; 2) establishing an urban traffic network system model and an urban traffic road network system distributed model: introducing a control component G (k) on the basis of the road section model and performing decomposition and deformation on the road network system model to obtain the road network system distributed model; 3) establishing performance indexes and constraint conditions of each subsystem and constructing subsystem performance indexes based on the neighborhood optimization; 4) firstly calculating a local optimal control variable through each subsystem, continuously iterating through performing information exchange with a neighborhood subsystem according to a Nash game theory principle to enable the whole system to converge Nash equilibrium points at last and obtaining a Nash optimal control input quantity at the same time. The distributed model predictive control method is simple and clear, convenient to realize and better in control effect and improves the traffic congestion conditions in the urban road network system under a saturated or supersaturated state.

The invention discloses a method of optimal configuration of a plurality of superconducting fault current limiter based on a sensitivity technology, which comprises the steps of: calculating the three-phase short-circuit current of all nodes in a whole system, and finding b nodes with the short-circuit current exceeding the standard value; determining braches for installation and reliable startup of the SFCLs (superconducting fault current limiter) according to startup conditions of the SFCLs; calculating the sensitivity of self-impedance of each station with the short-circuit current exceeding the standard value, sequencing the stations in a sensitivity descending order, and taking the top a branches as candidate braches for installation of the SFCLs; and taking c candidate braches as optimal branches for a multi-objective optimization algorithm NSGA-II (non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II) in next step, determining a scheme with the optimal installation positions of the SFCLs, the number of SFCLs to be installed and the impedance, thereby realizing global optimum configuration. By adopting the method, the search space to be understood is reduced greatly, the speed of calculation is increased, and optimization results are more suitable for actual applications. Meanwhile, the problem of weight selection resulting from conversion of multi-objective optimization to single-objective optimization can be avoided, and a decision-maker can make final decisions according to actual engineering needs.

The present invention discloses a method and a device of achieving privacy protection based on CP-ABE (Ciphertext-Policy ABE) ciphertext access control in a fog computing environment. A linear secretsharing matrix access structure based on LSSS is employed to support fine grit description of access user attributes and have a high computing efficiency. Part of computing is outsourced to a fog nodein the encryption and decryption phases to relieve the users' burden. By considering that an access structure possibly leaks users' privacy, the method introduces the technology of partially hiding the access structure so as to ensure the safety of user privacy. Finally, in order to verify whether the ciphertext is tampered or not in the transmission and outsourcing decryption processes, the ciphertext is verified to ensure the correctness of the ciphertext.

The invention provides a dynamic deformation measurement method of a ship deck of a strapdown inertial navigation system. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) using the inertial navigationsystem of a measurement center for outputting posture, position and speed information; (2) duplicating data of the posture information of the inertial navigation system of the center to inertial navigation of ship-mounted equipment of the local deck and using the posture data information for establishing a conversion matrix between a carrier coordinate system * for calculating the inertial navigation of the ship-mounted equipment and a navigation coordinate system n, namely an initial strapdown matrix C*<n>; (3) selecting the second-order Markov process as a model for carrier dynamic deformation; and (4) establishing a Kalman filter state equation which takes errors of misalignment angles of two inertial navigation systems and errors of dynamic deformation angles of the local deck as state variables and a Kalman filter measurement equation which takes the speed difference and the posture difference between the two as measurement variables, and estimating the dynamic deformation anglesof the deck by Kalman filtering. The method does not need to change mounting structure specially, has good reliability, does not need to increase the equipment with high cost and has great feasibility.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for inlaying watermark in digital image and digital camera capable of adding watermark, which comprises a device to acquire signal and read out signal value, a device for bit division to divide the pixel data of digital image into the bit for image eigenvalue calculation, the bit for hiding watermark, and the bit for location interpolation area; an initialization device for location interpolation area to set the all bits as zero or one, a device to calculate eigenvalue of digital signal, a encipher device for the eigenvalue, and a watermark- embedding device to embed eigenvalue information into the digital signal.

The invention relates to an under-actuated surface ship trace tracking control method based on model predication control, which can be used for obtaining optimized tracking performance for ensuring the stability of a system according to given performance indexes on the basis of meeting under-actuated system input and state constraints. The under-actuated surface ship trace tracking control methodcomprises the following steps: 1) projecting a trace tracking error model to a body coordinate system; designing by utilizing a Lyapunov direct method and a backstepping method and enabling tracking errors to be gradually close to a converged control rule; combining system constraints to solve a terminal invariant set; 2) acquiring a system state of a current moment and constructing an MPC (Multi-point Constraint) optimization problem containing terminal constraints of a limited time domain; 3) solving the MPC optimization problem and acquiring an optimal control sequence which is predicted atthe current moment; taking first optimal control to act on the system; 4) acquiring a new system state at a new sampling moment and updating the MPC optimization problem; carrying out rolling iteration until a tracking control process is finished. The method provided by the invention not only considers actual constraints of the system, but also can acquire optimized tacking performance by utilizing a relatively short predication time domain according to the given indexes.

This method for manufacturing metal fine particles includes using an aqueous solution containing an amine having a reducing capacity and an ammonium salt having substantially no reducing capacity so as to reduce metal ions with said amine in a presence of said ammonium salt, thereby manufacturing rod-shaped metal fine particles. This metal fine particles are manufactured by this method for manufacturing metal fine particles, and have a major axis of 400 nm or less, a minor axis of 15 nm or less, and an aspect ratio of more than 1.

The invention relates to a path planning method based on an improved ant colony algorithm. According to the algorithm, an improved artificial potential field (APF) algorithm and an ant colony algorithm are combined, and the improved APF algorithm is adopted to carry out initial map planning, so that the blindness of initial planning of the ant colony algorithm is reduced. According to the algorithm, a heuristic function is improved by utilizing an evaluation function of an A * algorithm and a path turning angle, and a heuristic information incremental function is introduced, so that the convergence rate is ensured while local optimization is avoided. The state transition rule is improved, and the threshold of the state transition function is adaptively adjusted, so that the operation efficiency of the algorithm can be improved, and the diversity of solutions can be improved. The pheromone updating mechanism and the path evaluation function of the algorithm are improved, the global optimality of the algorithm is improved, and the obtained path better meets the actual requirement.

The invention belongs to the technical field of network security and particularly relates to a network optimal defense strategy selection method and device based on a bounded rational game theory. Themethod comprises the following steps: constructing an offensive and defensive game model in a bounded rational situation according to the bounded rationality of the actual offensive and defensive sides; a random optimal reaction dynamic differential equation of a participant selection strategy is established by setting a participant rationality degree parameter in combination with an offensive and defensive game strategy set and according to historical data; the two simultaneous offensive and defensive parties are treated as the random optimal reaction dynamic differential equation of the participant; and an optimal defense strategy is determined and output by solving and screening a stable equilibrium point. Compared with the method of only giving an equilibrium solution and not analyzing the Nash equilibrium formation process, the network optimal defense strategy selection method and device based on bounded rational game theory in the present invention analyze the dynamic evolutionprocess of the bounded rational evolution game equilibrium, and the utility and the guiding significance are stronger when being applied to network defense decision; the dynamic analysis efficiency ofstrategy selection can be improved; and the network security performance is further improved.