This invention relates to the field of artificial electromagnetic materials technology and discloses an electrically controlled phase-encoded metasurface structure, comprising, from top to bottom, a top
unit structure layer, a first
dielectric substrate layer, an intermediate
ground layer, a second
dielectric substrate layer, and a bottom bias layer. The top
unit structure layer includes two C-shaped
metal patches with their openings facing back-to-back, and a
PIN diode connected between the two
metal patches. Each
metal patch is connected to the bottom bias layer through a metal via, and the bottom bias layer is externally connected to a
voltage source. This invention uses an electrically controlled method to quickly and conveniently change the
electromagnetic response of the metasurface unit, solving the problem that the electromagnetic
wave response and electromagnetic function of traditional metasurfaces are fixed once designed and manufactured, making them unable to meet the needs of complex electromagnetic systems. It also provides a new approach for intelligent metasurface design, meeting the high integration requirements of intelligent components in practice.