The invention relates to a drum type vacuum charging machine, which belongs to the technical field of tobacco primary processing automation devices. The drum type vacuum charging machine comprises a charging drum, a charging device, a feeding device, a discharging and transporting device, a vacuum device, a compressed air device, a motor and a transmission device, wherein a transporting pipeline of the charging device is mounted at one end of the charging drum, a vacuum pipeline is arranged at the other end, the vacuum device and the compressed air device are respectively connected on the vacuum pipeline in parallel through pneumatic valves, support rolling ways are respectively arranged at two ends of the charging drum, the charging drum rotates along with the support rolling ways, the charging drum is connected with the motor through the transmission device, and the feeding device and the discharging and transporting device are respectively arranged above and below the charging drum. A switch plate in the drum can lead the range of a material curtain formed by materials in the drum to be larger and more uniform, thereby improving the charging uniformity. The temperature in the drum can be controlled through a heat medium in an interlayer of the drum, thereby avoiding the waste of material liquid, simultaneously leading the materials, material liquid and water vapor to be difficult to be stuck on the wall of the drum and leading the cleaning in the drum to be more convenient.