The invention discloses data decoding method, device, and equipment based on an LZW algorithm, and a medium. The data decoding method based on an LZW algorithm includes the steps: reading a clearing code from an encoding stream to obtain a root code and an end code; establishing a code table about the mapping relationship of code and character information, according to the clearing code, the rootcode, and the end code; and sequentially adding or updating the missing mapping relationship until the end code, and outputting the character information corresponding to each code as a data flow according to the obtained mapping relationship. The data decoding method maintains the mapping relationship from the codes to the character information through the code table, stores the code table in theform of a data table so as to effectively improve the access efficiency, and at the same time, because the mapping relationship is sequentially supplemented, as the number of reading encodings increases, the mapping relationship is also increased, so that the probability that the current code exists in the code table is greatly improved, and the corresponding character information is not requiredto be repeatedly calculated, thereby improving the decoding efficiency. The data decoding device and equipment based on the LZW algorithm, and the medium also have the above advantages.