The invention discloses a MapReduce bandwidth optimization method which comprises the following steps: after Hadoop work is submitted, an OpenFlow controller, according to task execution node information sent by JobTracker and through a Map intermediate value routing strategy, determines nodes for carrying out a Map intermediate value merge task, updates corresponding flow entry and sends the flow entry to an OpenFlow switch; and the OpenFlow switch receives and installs the flow entry through a secure channel, then, carries out flow entry matching on the received data packets, and if behavior type for merging the Map intermediate values is matched therewith, carries out merging of the Map intermediate values. Through the combination of the OpenFlow and Hadoop, and by utilizing data handling capacity of the OpenFlow switch, the Map intermediate values, that is, the intermediate tuple data obtained after the action of a map() function, are subjected to merge processing in advance, thereby greatly relieving the problem of network congestion in the data migration process and improving Hadoop work efficiency substantially.