The invention relates to the field of intelligent monitoring, communication and adjustment of high-speed railway power supply and discloses a dynamic intelligent fault-monitoring and adjusting 
system and method for an overhead 
contact system. The dynamic intelligent fault-monitoring and adjusting 
system comprises a front device and a scheduling terminal device; the scheduling terminal device is a 
computer terminal; the front device comprises a 
data acquisition module and a 
data processing and control module; the 
data acquisition module is used for acquiring state values A and B, temperature, 
humidity, 
wind speed, 
wind direction and locomotive passage of an overhead 
contact system compensator and acquiring data; the 
data processing and control module comprises a single-
chip microcomputer and a 
data processing circuit composed of the single-
chip microcomputer; the whole data 
processing and control module is used for 
processing the data acquired by the 
data acquisition module and generating and storing corresponding data tables through the acquired data according to the time. The dynamic intelligent fault-monitoring and adjusting 
system and method has the advantages that faults of the overhead 
contact system, such as positioner shedding from the broken line, main line or curved line, and terminal anchoring clamp breakage, can be efficiently and accurately detected, the state of the overhead contact system can be accurately judged, and 
operational safety of an electrified railway is greatly guaranteed.