The invention belongs to high temperature sensors for high temperature measurement, relates to a composite material-based cooling-free type high temperature sensor which is applicable to the temperature measurement of high temperature air flow under 2100K, and belongs to the field of temperature testing. The cooling-free type high temperature sensor comprises a thermalcouple wire, an insulating porcelain tube, a shell, an installing flange and a plug, wherein the shell (partially or completely) is made from a C / SiC composite material; firstly, a framework of a required shape is woven by using C-fibers; secondly, SiC can grow on the C-fiber framework in a chemical gas deposition or chemical liquid deposition mode so as to accomplish the growth of a basic shell structure; subsequently, the shell is sintered in a sintering furnace, wherein the sintering temperature is 1770-1870K; and for a thin-wall hollow shell of which the wall thickness is less than 2mm, graphite is used as a core die when the thin-wall hollow shell is woven, the C-fibers are woven on the graphite core die, and the graphite core die is eliminated after the growth of the SiC. By utilizing the cooling-free type high temperature sensor, the temperature measurement error is reduced, the continuity of the shell material is increased, and the use performance of the temperature senor is improved and the service life of the temperature senor is prolonged.